Treatment relative effect with 95% CI; and degree of certainty (adaptated from GRADE). method
| Treament | Trials | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demonstrated or suggested benefit | Inconclusive results | Uncertain results | Safety results | |||
| favipiravir | none | inconclusive results for: death or transfer to ICU; deaths; clinical improvement; clinical improvement (14-day); clinical improvement (time to event analysis only); death or ventilation; hospital discharge; radiologic improvement (14-day); viral clearance ; viral clearance (time to event analysis only); viral clearance by day 14; ICU admission; adverse events | - | - | ||
| chloroquine and derivatives | none | inconclusive results for: deaths; hospital discharge; adverse events | suggested 16.3-fold increase in viral clearance but the degree if certainty is unassessable | - | ||
| remdesivir | none | inconclusive results for: death D28; deep vein thrombosis; elevated liver enzymes; hyperbilirubinemia; pulmonary embolism; renal impairment | suggested 45 % decrease in deaths but the degree if certainty is unassessable suggested 29 % increase in clinical improvement but the degree if certainty is unassessable suggested 35 % increase in clinical improvement (28-day) but the degree if certainty is unassessable suggested 28 % decrease in serious adverse events but the degree if certainty is unassessable | - | ||
| darunavir cobicistat | none | inconclusive results for: death D28; deaths; clinical deterioration; mechanical ventilation; viral clearance ; viral clearance (time to event analysis only); viral clearance by day 7 | - | - | ||
| hydroxychloroquine plus macrolides | none | inconclusive results for: deaths; deaths (time to event analysis only); mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only) | - | - | ||
| nirmatrelvir / ritonavir (Paxlovid) | none | inconclusive results for: hospitalization | - | - | ||
| umifenovir (arbidol) | none | - | - | - | ||
| Amantadine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| ASC09/ritonavir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| azithromycin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| azvudine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| baloxavir marboxil | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| bromhexine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| carrimycin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| danoprevir / ritonavir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| doxycycline | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| Emtricitabine/tenofovir plus colchicine plus rosuvastatin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| Ensitrelvir (XOCOVA) | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| favipiravir plus interferon | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| fluvoxamine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| Interferon plus lopinavir/ritonavir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| ivermectin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| leronlimab | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| lopinavir / ritonavir plus ribavirin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| lopinavir/ritonavir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| lopinavir/ritonavir plus chloroquine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon ß-1a | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| lopinavir/ritonavir, ribavirin and interferon beta-1b | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| molnupiravir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| niclosamide | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| nitazoxanide | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| opaganib | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| oseltamivir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| oseltamivir plus chloroquin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| ribavirin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| ritonavir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| sofosbuvir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| sofosbuvir and daclatasvir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| sofosbuvir and ledipasvir | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| tenofovir/emtricitabine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| tenofovir/emtricitabine plus hydroxychloroquine | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| tranexamic acid | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| tranilast | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| triazavirin | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
| zinc | 0 | - | - | - | - | |
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