Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
remdesivir - versus placebo - for COVID 19 hospitalized
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xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 deaths 0.77 [0.54, 1.09]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 93.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 0.70 [0.47, 1.04]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 96.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - clinical improvement 1.30 [1.12, 1.51]> 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 100.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.21 [0.64, 2.28]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 71.9 % low not evaluable high important - clinical improvement (28-day) 1.37 [0.79, 2.39]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 86.8 % low not evaluable high important - clinical improvement (7-day) 0.99 [0.18, 5.51]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 49.4 % low not evaluable high important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.23 [0.87, 1.74]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 87.7 % low not evaluable high important - safety endpoints 00 AE leading to drug discontinuation 2.43 [0.79, 7.45]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 6.0 % low not evaluable high important - serious adverse events 0.71 [0.55, 0.92]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 99.5 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - deep vein thrombosis 0.62 [0.23, 1.64]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 83.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - elevated liver enzymes 0.58 [0.34, 0.97]< 1 6% 2 studies (2/-) 98.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - hyperbilirubinemia 0.97 [0.48, 1.93]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 53.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - pulmonary embolism 0.82 [0.20, 3.29]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 61.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - renal impairment 1.02 [0.64, 1.61]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 47.2 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important -
LoD: level of demonstration ( demonstrated, suggested, inconclusive, safety concerns);
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.