noteworthy treatments
neutralizing andibodies
prophylactic treatment
anti-viral and associate therapy
vaccines
anti-inflammatory
immuno-modulators
adjuvant therapy
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs (whatever the risk of bias)
All studies (RCT+OBS)
14-days deaths Emergency room visit or hospitalization death D28 death or transfer to ICU deaths deaths (time to event analysis only) hospitalization or death clinical deterioration clinical improvement clinical improvement (14-day) clinical improvement (28-day) clinical improvement (7-day) clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) death or ventilation hospital discharge hospitalization mechanical ventilation mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only) radiologic improvement (14-day) symptomatic Covid-19 viral clearance viral clearance (time to event analysis only) viral clearance by day 14 viral clearance by day 7 ICU admission off oxygenation recovery AE leading to drug discontinuation serious adverse events superinfection acute kidney injury adverse events arrhythmia deep vein thrombosis elevated liver enzymes hyperbilirubinemia Myocardial infarction pulmonary embolism renal impairment serious adverse events (SAE), any venous thromboembolism
Network meta-analysis estimations pool direct and indirect evidences. These results should be considered as exploratory given the absence
of assessment of transitivity assumption plausibility. Calculations by netmeta package.
Interactive explorer of NMA results
5 CODEX (Tomazini), 2020
CAPE-COVID, 2020
Steroids-SARI, 2020
DEXA-COVID19, 2020
Jamaati, 2021 1 CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 11 Li, 2020
Rasheed, 2020
O’Donnell, 2021
Pouladzadeh, 2021
PlasmAr, 2020
AlQahtani, 2020
CAPSID, 2021
REMAP-CAP (plasma), 2021
Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021
RECOVER, 2021
CP-COVID-19, 2021 1 COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 4 Rahmani, 2020
Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021
Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021
Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 7 CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020
REMAP-CAP (tocilizumab), 2021
Veiga, 2021
COVACTA (Rosas), 2020
Talaschian, 2021
CORIMUNO-TOCI-ICU (Group 2), 2020
Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 2 Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021
Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021 baricitinib vs. control
0.54 [0.28; 1.03] 0.54 [0.28;1.03]baricitinib vs. control
0.54 [0.28; 1.03] baricitinib vs. convalescent plasma treatment
0.60 [0.30; 1.19] 0.60 [0.30;1.19]baricitinib vs. convalescent plasma treatment
0.60 [0.30; 1.19] baricitinib vs. corticosteroids
0.61 [0.29; 1.27] 0.61 [0.29;1.27]baricitinib vs. corticosteroids
0.61 [0.29; 1.27] baricitinib vs. interferon
0.89 [0.34; 2.32] 0.89 [0.34;2.32]baricitinib vs. interferon
0.89 [0.34; 2.32] baricitinib vs. remdesivir
0.49 [0.17; 1.44] 0.49 [0.17;1.44]baricitinib vs. remdesivir
0.49 [0.17; 1.44] baricitinib vs. sarilumab
0.49 [0.19; 1.28] 0.49 [0.19;1.28]baricitinib vs. sarilumab
0.49 [0.19; 1.28] baricitinib vs. tocilizumab
0.58 [0.29; 1.16] 0.58 [0.29;1.16]baricitinib vs. tocilizumab
0.58 [0.29; 1.16] control vs. baricitinib
1.85 [0.97; 3.53] 1.85 [0.97;3.53]control vs. baricitinib
1.85 [0.97; 3.53] control vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.11 [0.86; 1.42] 1.11 [0.86;1.42]control vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.11 [0.86; 1.42] control vs. corticosteroids
1.13 [0.80; 1.60] 1.13 [0.80;1.60]control vs. corticosteroids
1.13 [0.80; 1.60] control vs. interferon
1.65 [0.82; 3.35] 1.65 [0.82;3.35]control vs. interferon
1.65 [0.82; 3.35] control vs. remdesivir
0.91 [0.38; 2.15] 0.91 [0.38;2.15]control vs. remdesivir
0.91 [0.38; 2.15] control vs. sarilumab
0.91 [0.45; 1.84] 0.91 [0.45;1.84]control vs. sarilumab
0.91 [0.45; 1.84] control vs. tocilizumab
1.08 [0.83; 1.39] 1.08 [0.83;1.39]control vs. tocilizumab
1.08 [0.83; 1.39] convalescent plasma treatment vs. baricitinib
1.67 [0.84; 3.34] 1.67 [0.84;3.34]convalescent plasma treatment vs. baricitinib
1.67 [0.84; 3.34] convalescent plasma treatment vs. control
0.90 [0.70; 1.16] 0.90 [0.70;1.16]convalescent plasma treatment vs. control
0.90 [0.70; 1.16] convalescent plasma treatment vs. corticosteroids
1.02 [0.67; 1.57] 1.02 [0.67;1.57]convalescent plasma treatment vs. corticosteroids
1.02 [0.67; 1.57] convalescent plasma treatment vs. interferon
1.49 [0.71; 3.16] 1.49 [0.71;3.16]convalescent plasma treatment vs. interferon
1.49 [0.71; 3.16] convalescent plasma treatment vs. remdesivir
0.82 [0.34; 2.01] 0.82 [0.34;2.01]convalescent plasma treatment vs. remdesivir
0.82 [0.34; 2.01] convalescent plasma treatment vs. sarilumab
0.83 [0.39; 1.74] 0.83 [0.39;1.74]convalescent plasma treatment vs. sarilumab
0.83 [0.39; 1.74] convalescent plasma treatment vs. tocilizumab
0.97 [0.68; 1.39] 0.97 [0.68;1.39]convalescent plasma treatment vs. tocilizumab
0.97 [0.68; 1.39] corticosteroids vs. baricitinib
1.64 [0.79; 3.41] 1.64 [0.79;3.41]corticosteroids vs. baricitinib
1.64 [0.79; 3.41] corticosteroids vs. control
0.88 [0.62; 1.25] 0.88 [0.62;1.25]corticosteroids vs. control
0.88 [0.62; 1.25] corticosteroids vs. convalescent plasma treatment
0.98 [0.64; 1.50] 0.98 [0.64;1.50]corticosteroids vs. convalescent plasma treatment
0.98 [0.64; 1.50] corticosteroids vs. interferon
1.46 [0.67; 3.21] 1.46 [0.67;3.21]corticosteroids vs. interferon
1.46 [0.67; 3.21] corticosteroids vs. remdesivir
0.80 [0.32; 2.03] 0.80 [0.32;2.03]corticosteroids vs. remdesivir
0.80 [0.32; 2.03] corticosteroids vs. sarilumab
0.81 [0.37; 1.77] 0.81 [0.37;1.77]corticosteroids vs. sarilumab
0.81 [0.37; 1.77] corticosteroids vs. tocilizumab
0.95 [0.62; 1.46] 0.95 [0.62;1.46]corticosteroids vs. tocilizumab
0.95 [0.62; 1.46] interferon vs. baricitinib
1.12 [0.43; 2.91] 1.12 [0.43;2.91]interferon vs. baricitinib
1.12 [0.43; 2.91] interferon vs. control
0.60 [0.30; 1.22] 0.60 [0.30;1.22]interferon vs. control
0.60 [0.30; 1.22] interferon vs. convalescent plasma treatment
0.67 [0.32; 1.41] 0.67 [0.32;1.41]interferon vs. convalescent plasma treatment
0.67 [0.32; 1.41] interferon vs. corticosteroids
0.68 [0.31; 1.50] 0.68 [0.31;1.50]interferon vs. corticosteroids
0.68 [0.31; 1.50] interferon vs. remdesivir
0.55 [0.18; 1.67] 0.55 [0.18;1.67]interferon vs. remdesivir
0.55 [0.18; 1.67] interferon vs. sarilumab
0.55 [0.20; 1.49] 0.55 [0.20;1.49]interferon vs. sarilumab
0.55 [0.20; 1.49] interferon vs. tocilizumab
0.65 [0.31; 1.38] 0.65 [0.31;1.38]interferon vs. tocilizumab
0.65 [0.31; 1.38] remdesivir vs. baricitinib
2.04 [0.69; 5.97] 2.04 [0.69;5.97]remdesivir vs. baricitinib
2.04 [0.69; 5.97] remdesivir vs. control
1.10 [0.47; 2.60] 1.10 [0.47;2.60]remdesivir vs. control
1.10 [0.47; 2.60] remdesivir vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.22 [0.50; 2.98] 1.22 [0.50;2.98]remdesivir vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.22 [0.50; 2.98] remdesivir vs. corticosteroids
1.24 [0.49; 3.15] 1.24 [0.49;3.15]remdesivir vs. corticosteroids
1.24 [0.49; 3.15] remdesivir vs. interferon
1.82 [0.60; 5.54] 1.82 [0.60;5.54]remdesivir vs. interferon
1.82 [0.60; 5.54] remdesivir vs. sarilumab
1.01 [0.33; 3.05] 1.01 [0.33;3.05]remdesivir vs. sarilumab
1.01 [0.33; 3.05] remdesivir vs. tocilizumab
1.18 [0.48; 2.90] 1.18 [0.48;2.90]remdesivir vs. tocilizumab
1.18 [0.48; 2.90] sarilumab vs. baricitinib
2.03 [0.78; 5.25] 2.03 [0.78;5.25]sarilumab vs. baricitinib
2.03 [0.78; 5.25] sarilumab vs. control
1.09 [0.54; 2.20] 1.09 [0.54;2.20]sarilumab vs. control
1.09 [0.54; 2.20] sarilumab vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.21 [0.58; 2.55] 1.21 [0.58;2.55]sarilumab vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.21 [0.58; 2.55] sarilumab vs. corticosteroids
1.24 [0.57; 2.70] 1.24 [0.57;2.70]sarilumab vs. corticosteroids
1.24 [0.57; 2.70] sarilumab vs. interferon
1.81 [0.67; 4.89] 1.81 [0.67;4.89]sarilumab vs. interferon
1.81 [0.67; 4.89] sarilumab vs. remdesivir
0.99 [0.33; 3.01] 0.99 [0.33;3.01]sarilumab vs. remdesivir
0.99 [0.33; 3.01] sarilumab vs. tocilizumab
1.18 [0.56; 2.48] 1.18 [0.56;2.48]sarilumab vs. tocilizumab
1.18 [0.56; 2.48] tocilizumab vs. baricitinib
1.72 [0.86; 3.44] 1.72 [0.86;3.44]tocilizumab vs. baricitinib
1.72 [0.86; 3.44] tocilizumab vs. control
0.93 [0.72; 1.20] 0.93 [0.72;1.20]tocilizumab vs. control
0.93 [0.72; 1.20] tocilizumab vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.03 [0.72; 1.47] 1.03 [0.72;1.47]tocilizumab vs. convalescent plasma treatment
1.03 [0.72; 1.47] tocilizumab vs. corticosteroids
1.05 [0.68; 1.62] 1.05 [0.68;1.62]tocilizumab vs. corticosteroids
1.05 [0.68; 1.62] tocilizumab vs. interferon
1.54 [0.73; 3.26] 1.54 [0.73;3.26]tocilizumab vs. interferon
1.54 [0.73; 3.26] tocilizumab vs. remdesivir
0.84 [0.34; 2.07] 0.84 [0.34;2.07]tocilizumab vs. remdesivir
0.84 [0.34; 2.07] tocilizumab vs. sarilumab
0.85 [0.40; 1.79] 0.85 [0.40;1.79]tocilizumab vs. sarilumab
0.85 [0.40; 1.79] Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 60.0 %
- low: 40.0 %
- NA: 0.0 % corticosteroids Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 0.0 %
- low: 100.0 %
- NA: 0.0 % remdesivir Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 63.6 %
- low: 36.4 %
- NA: 0.0 % convalescent plasma treatment Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 0.0 %
- low: 100.0 %
- NA: 0.0 % baricitinib Risk of bias:
- high: NaN
- some concerns: NaN
- low: NaN
- NA: NaN tofacitinib Risk of bias:
- high: NaN
- some concerns: NaN
- low: NaN
- NA: NaN casirivimab/imdevimab (Ronapreve) Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 100.0 %
- low: 0.0 %
- NA: 0.0 % interferon Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 100.0 %
- low: 0.0 %
- NA: 0.0 % tocilizumab Risk of bias:
- high: 0.0 %
- some concerns: 100.0 %
- low: 0.0 %
- NA: 0.0 % sarilumab Risk of bias:
- high: NaN
- some concerns: NaN
- low: NaN
- NA: NaN control direct evidence network meta-analysis comet plot result box odds ratio A B 0.5 1.5 1.0 odds ratio for A vs. B and half 95% CI ROB: high some concerns low NA
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