All patients
adolescents (typically 12-15 years of age) adults (typically between 18 and 65yr) age >= 55 yr age >= 60 yr age >= 65 yr age >= 75 yr alpha variant (B.1.1.7, UK) any cancer autoimmune disease beta variant (B.1.351 / 501Y.V2, South Africa) children corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes critical disease delta variant (B.1.617.2, Indian) dialysis patients elderly (typically over 65yr) fully vaccinated gamma variant (P.1, Brazil) haematological cancers healthcare workers immunodepression invasive ventilation kidney transplant recipients no oxygen needed non invasive oxygen obese omicron variant BA.1 (B.1.1.529) omicron variant BA.2 VOC original (Wuhan) strain positive for SARS-Cov-2 at baseline severe disease solid cancer solid organ transplant recipients subjects at risk
potential COVID-19 treatments in COVID-19 mild to moderate - Summary of results Outcome TE 95% CI n k I2 ROB Pub. bias 14-days deathsdetailed results VERU-111, 2022 0.30 [0.14; 0.64]
0.30 [0.14 ; 0.64 ] VERU-111, 2022 1 0% 150 NA not evaluable death D28detailed results CAN-COVID, 2020 0.67 [0.30; 1.50]
COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41]
CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.91 [0.38; 2.19]
FACCT Trial, 2021 0.69 [0.28; 1.68]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.77 [0.17; 3.50]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.52 [0.09; 2.86]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.31 [0.09; 1.09]
Krolewiecki, 2020 0.49 [0.01; 26.05]
Pandit, 2021 0.95 [0.02; 50.33]
PLACID, 2020 1.04 [0.66; 1.63]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.22 [0.07; 0.67]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 4.39 [0.20; 98.33]
Silva, 2021 0.46 [0.03; 8.02]
Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 0.61 [0.41; 0.92]
0.70 [0.55 ; 0.88 ] CAN-COVID, 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, FACCT Trial, 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Krolewiecki, 2020, Pandit, 2021, PLACID, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Silva, 2021, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 14 0% 4,690 moderate low death or transfer to ICUdetailed results PLACID, 2020 1.07 [0.73; 1.57]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.70 [0.44; 1.12]
0.89 [0.59 ; 1.34 ] PLACID, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 2 46% 929 serious not evaluable deathsdetailed results Abd-Elsalam, 2021 0.74 [0.16; 3.42]
ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 0.88 [0.64; 1.20]
CAN-COVID, 2020 0.67 [0.30; 1.50]
ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020 0.66 [0.01; 35.52]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.64 [0.18; 2.24]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 1.09 [0.31; 3.84]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.43 [0.13; 1.44]
COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41]
CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.97 [0.46; 2.04]
Dabbous HM, 2020 0.51 [0.02; 15.41]
FACCT Trial, 2021 0.96 [0.44; 2.08]
Fu, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.66]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.76 [0.17; 3.40]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.51 [0.09; 2.84]
HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.89]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.31 [0.09; 1.09]
Khamis, 2020 0.83 [0.23; 2.96]
Kirti, 2021 0.12 [0.01; 2.36]
Krolewiecki, 2020 0.49 [0.01; 26.05]
Libster, 2020 0.50 [0.09; 2.71]
LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 0.70 [0.40; 1.21]
Lopes MIF, 2020 1.06 [0.02; 56.61]
Murugesan, 2022 1.00 [0.02; 51.41]
NCT04342650, 2020 0.95 [0.02; 48.42]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 0.16 [0.01; 3.25]
NCT04542694, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 50.90]
Pandit, 2021 0.95 [0.02; 50.33]
PLACID, 2020 1.04 [0.66; 1.63]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.22 [0.07; 0.67]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.52 [0.01; 26.47]
Rocco, 2020 1.02 [0.02; 51.70]
SAVE-MORE, 2021 0.45 [0.20; 0.99]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 4.39 [0.20; 98.33]
Shenoy S, 2021 1.32 [0.58; 2.99]
Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 0.61 [0.41; 0.92]
Udwadia, 2020 0.50 [0.02; 15.03]
Zhaowei Chen, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 52.04]
0.75 [0.64 ; 0.88 ] Abd-Elsalam, 2021, ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, CAN-COVID, 2020, ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, Dabbous HM, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Fu, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Khamis, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Krolewiecki, 2020, Libster, 2020, LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021, Lopes MIF, 2020, Murugesan, 2022, NCT04342650, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Pandit, 2021, PLACID, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Rocco, 2020, SAVE-MORE, 2021, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Shenoy S, 2021, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021, Udwadia, 2020, Zhaowei Chen, 2020 37 0% 11,692 moderate critical deaths (time to event analysis only)detailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.64 [0.18; 2.24]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.76 [0.17; 3.40]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.51 [0.09; 2.84]
LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 0.70 [0.40; 1.21]
0.68 [0.43 ; 1.08 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 4 0% 1,620 moderate not evaluable clinical deteriorationdetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.99 [0.57; 1.72]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 1.21 [0.69; 2.12]
COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.38 [0.09; 1.58]
CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.89 [0.42; 1.92]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 3.69 [0.37; 36.57]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.86 [0.06; 11.36]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 1.25 [0.87; 1.80]
Kamran, 2020 0.95 [0.32; 2.78]
Li T, 2020 0.48 [0.01; 27.44]
Libster, 2020 0.52 [0.29; 0.94]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 0.44 [0.23; 0.84]
PLACID, 2020 1.04 [0.54; 1.99]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.69 [0.43; 1.10]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.53 [0.15; 1.95]
Rocco, 2020 1.02 [0.29; 3.58]
SAVE-MORE, 2021 0.36 [0.26; 0.50]
Zhaowei Chen, 2020 0.11 [0.01; 2.19]
0.74 [0.55 ; 1.00 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Kamran, 2020, Li T, 2020, Libster, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, PLACID, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Rocco, 2020, SAVE-MORE, 2021, Zhaowei Chen, 2020 17 61% 4,083 moderate low clinical improvementdetailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 0.53 [0.13; 2.19]
CAN-COVID, 2020 1.39 [0.76; 2.54]
Chachar, 2020 1.19 [0.38; 3.72]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.81 [0.54; 1.22]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.82 [0.47; 1.43]
Ghandehari, 2020 1.31 [1.00; 1.71]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.16 [0.77; 1.74]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.65 [1.09; 2.49]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.89 [1.06; 3.38]
NCT04542694, 2020 2.10 [1.04; 4.24]
Rocco, 2020 0.81 [0.52; 1.27]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.63 [1.14; 2.34]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 0.68 [0.21; 2.20]
Tang, 2020 1.01 [0.59; 1.74]
Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79]
1.24 [1.04 ; 1.47 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, CAN-COVID, 2020, Chachar, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, Ghandehari, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Rocco, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 15 40% 3,840 moderate low clinical improvement (14-day)detailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 0.53 [0.13; 2.19]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.01 [0.58; 1.76]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 0.83 [0.47; 1.44]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.82 [0.47; 1.43]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.58 [1.01; 2.47]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.56 [1.00; 2.44]
Pandit, 2021 8.77 [0.94; 81.67]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [1.05; 1.56]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 0.68 [0.21; 2.20]
1.17 [0.93 ; 1.47 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021 9 35% 2,516 moderate not evaluable clinical improvement (21-day)detailed results Li T, 2020 2.09 [0.04; 119.96]
2.09 [0.04 ; 119.96 ] Li T, 2020 1 0% 18 NA not evaluable clinical improvement (28-day)detailed results ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 1.27 [1.03; 1.57]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.88 [1.03; 3.42]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.75 [0.97; 3.17]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.11 [0.96; 1.29]
Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79]
1.34 [1.10 ; 1.62 ] ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 5 46% 3,321 moderate serious clinical improvement (7-day)detailed results Chachar, 2020 1.19 [0.38; 3.72]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.89 [0.59; 1.35]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.03 [0.69; 1.53]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.41 [0.94; 2.09]
Kirti, 2021 0.90 [0.77; 1.06]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.93 [1.27; 2.93]
NCT04542694, 2020 2.10 [1.04; 4.24]
Rocco, 2020 0.81 [0.52; 1.27]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.50 [1.02; 2.21]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 1.91 [1.03; 3.53]
1.24 [0.99 ; 1.55 ] Chachar, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Kirti, 2021, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Rocco, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021 10 65% 2,622 moderate critical clinical improvement (time to event analysis only)detailed results FACCT Trial, 2021 0.85 [0.62; 1.16]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.16 [0.94; 1.44]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.15 [0.93; 1.42]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.89 [1.06; 3.38]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.63 [1.14; 2.34]
Shenoy S, 2021 0.99 [0.77; 1.28]
Shinkai, 2021 1.40 [0.91; 2.15]
Tang, 2020 1.01 [0.59; 1.74]
Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79]
1.21 [1.03 ; 1.41 ] FACCT Trial, 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shenoy S, 2021, Shinkai, 2021, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 9 48% 2,823 moderate not evaluable death or ventilationdetailed results ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 0.82 [0.63; 1.07]
CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.97 [0.62; 1.52]
LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 0.65 [0.43; 0.98]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.59 [0.34; 1.02]
Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 0.66 [0.46; 0.94]
0.75 [0.63 ; 0.88 ] ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 5 0% 4,009 moderate not evaluable hospital dischargedetailed results FACCT Trial, 2021 0.88 [0.64; 1.21]
Kirti, 2021 1.20 [0.73; 1.98]
Li T, 2020 10.00 [1.03; 97.50]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 2.31 [0.66; 8.04]
Shenoy S, 2021 1.06 [0.85; 1.32]
Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 1.48 [1.05; 2.09]
Udwadia, 2020 1.41 [0.97; 2.03]
1.21 [0.97 ; 1.51 ] FACCT Trial, 2021, Kirti, 2021, Li T, 2020, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Shenoy S, 2021, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021, Udwadia, 2020 7 46% 2,636 moderate serious hospitalizationdetailed results Holubar M, 2021 0.12 [0.01; 2.26]
Jagannathan, 2020 1.00 [0.14; 7.34]
0.46 [0.06 ; 3.45 ] Holubar M, 2021, Jagannathan, 2020 2 28% 269 low not evaluable mechanical ventilationdetailed results Abd-Elsalam, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.11]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.77 [0.81; 3.87]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.54 [0.70; 3.37]
COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.26 [0.03; 2.30]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.13 [0.01; 2.45]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.41 [0.13; 1.30]
Kirti, 2021 0.20 [0.00; 8.69]
Li T, 2020 0.40 [0.04; 3.90]
PLACID, 2020 0.99 [0.54; 1.81]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.70 [0.32; 1.54]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.52 [0.01; 26.47]
SAVE-MORE, 2021 0.47 [0.03; 7.48]
Udwadia, 2020 0.06 [0.01; 0.83]
0.81 [0.54 ; 1.21 ] Abd-Elsalam, 2021, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Kirti, 2021, Li T, 2020, PLACID, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, SAVE-MORE, 2021, Udwadia, 2020 14 19% 4,023 moderate critical mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only)detailed results Udwadia, 2020 0.06 [0.01; 0.83]
0.06 [0.01 ; 0.83 ] Udwadia, 2020 1 0% 14 NA not evaluable radiologic improvement (14-day)detailed results ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.48 [0.02; 11.28]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 3.99]
Rashad (CLARI vs SoC), 2021 2.87 [1.56; 5.28]
Rashad A (AZI vs SoC), 2021 1.64 [0.94; 2.88]
1.82 [0.95 ; 3.51 ] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Rashad (CLARI vs SoC), 2021, Rashad A (AZI vs SoC), 2021 4 39% 450 moderate not evaluable radiologic improvement (7-day)detailed results ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.10 [0.00; 2.09]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.08 [0.00; 1.71]
Zhaowei Chen, 2020 3.43 [1.10; 10.70]
0.40 [0.02 ; 6.97 ] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Zhaowei Chen, 2020 3 77% 108 moderate not evaluable viral clearance detailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 3.89 [1.23; 12.29]
Chaccour, 2020 0.92 [0.77; 1.09]
Dabbous HM, 2020 1.33 [0.60; 2.93]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.28 [0.19; 8.76]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 2.80 [0.31; 25.53]
HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020 0.46 [0.04; 5.75]
Holubar M, 2021 0.76 [0.48; 1.20]
Jagannathan, 2020 0.81 [0.56; 1.18]
NCT04542694, 2020 13.03 [2.96; 57.24]
Pandit, 2021 2.33 [0.55; 9.83]
Rastogi, 2020 6.33 [1.54; 26.00]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 1.10 [0.50; 2.39]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [0.92; 1.79]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 2.77 [1.44; 5.32]
Tang, 2020 0.85 [0.58; 1.23]
Udwadia, 2020 1.37 [0.94; 1.98]
1.32 [1.02 ; 1.71 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Chaccour, 2020, Dabbous HM, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020, Holubar M, 2021, Jagannathan, 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Rastogi, 2020, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 16 66% 1,636 moderate critical viral clearance (time to event analysis only)detailed results Ahmed, 2020 4.10 [1.12; 14.99]
Holubar M, 2021 0.76 [0.48; 1.20]
Jagannathan, 2020 0.81 [0.56; 1.18]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [0.92; 1.79]
Tang, 2020 0.85 [0.58; 1.23]
Udwadia, 2020 1.37 [0.94; 1.98]
1.05 [0.80 ; 1.39 ] Ahmed, 2020, Holubar M, 2021, Jagannathan, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 6 60% 809 moderate not evaluable viral clearance by day 14detailed results Ahmed, 2020 4.10 [1.12; 14.99]
AVIFAVIR, 2020 3.08 [0.62; 15.39]
Bukhari, 2021 0.91 [0.02; 46.94]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.28 [0.19; 8.76]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 2.80 [0.31; 25.53]
Li T, 2020 1.00 [0.03; 34.67]
Pandit, 2021 10.23 [1.12; 93.35]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 0.99 [0.93; 1.06]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 0.00 [0.00; 0.01]
0.98 [0.18 ; 5.42 ] Ahmed, 2020, AVIFAVIR, 2020, Bukhari, 2021, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Li T, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021 9 94% 1,814 moderate not evaluable viral clearance by day 7detailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 3.89 [1.23; 12.29]
Bukhari, 2021 11.56 [3.53; 37.91]
Chaccour, 2020 0.92 [0.77; 1.09]
Dabbous HM, 2020 1.33 [0.60; 2.93]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.30 [0.05; 1.91]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.67 [0.10; 4.58]
Kirti, 2021 0.80 [0.43; 1.50]
Pandit, 2021 2.33 [0.55; 9.83]
PLACID, 2020 1.20 [1.00; 1.44]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 1.10 [0.50; 2.39]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.05 [0.92; 1.20]
Shashi Bhushan, 2021 2.77 [1.44; 5.32]
1.29 [1.01 ; 1.65 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Bukhari, 2021, Chaccour, 2020, Dabbous HM, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Kirti, 2021, Pandit, 2021, PLACID, 2020, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021 12 70% 1,337 moderate low ICU admissiondetailed results COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.47 [0.08; 2.69]
FACCT Trial, 2021 1.42 [0.79; 2.55]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.78 [0.27; 2.23]
Khamis, 2020 1.03 [0.35; 3.03]
Kirti, 2021 0.90 [0.30; 2.70]
Libster, 2020 0.33 [0.07; 1.58]
RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.79 [0.48; 1.30]
Rocco, 2020 4.11 [0.18; 91.83]
0.93 [0.68 ; 1.26 ] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, FACCT Trial, 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Khamis, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Libster, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, Rocco, 2020 8 0% 2,065 moderate not evaluable recoverydetailed results Crippa (CANDIDATE), 2021 0.54 [0.15; 1.94]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.11 [0.90; 1.37]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.18 [0.96; 1.45]
1.13 [0.98 ; 1.31 ] Crippa (CANDIDATE), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 3 0% 887 moderate not evaluable serious adverse eventsdetailed results CAN-COVID, 2020 0.73 [0.45; 1.19]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.87 [0.36; 9.75]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.02 [0.20; 5.10]
COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.55 [0.25; 1.23]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.50 [0.22; 1.14]
Jagannathan, 2020 1.00 [0.14; 7.34]
Krolewiecki, 2020 1.00 [0.03; 31.59]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 3.97 [0.18; 88.58]
NCT04542694, 2020 6.15 [0.30; 124.49]
Pandit, 2021 0.95 [0.02; 50.33]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.52 [0.01; 26.47]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 2.06 [0.09; 46.40]
Shinkai, 2021 2.80 [0.14; 56.95]
Udwadia, 2020 1.03 [0.02; 52.48]
0.74 [0.53 ; 1.04 ] CAN-COVID, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Jagannathan, 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Pandit, 2021, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Udwadia, 2020 15 0% 3,575 moderate critical acute kidney injury detailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.18 [0.44; 3.18]
1.18 [0.44 ; 3.18 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 345 NA not evaluable adverse eventsdetailed results Chaccour, 2020 1.00 [0.20; 5.07]
ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020 5.00 [0.85; 29.57]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 2.22 [1.43; 3.44]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 0.88 [0.29; 2.65]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.21 [0.82; 1.78]
COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 1.72 [0.73; 4.08]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.63 [1.09; 2.42]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.21 [0.82; 1.80]
HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020 1.45 [0.26; 8.01]
Holubar M, 2021 2.07 [0.89; 4.83]
Jagannathan, 2020 1.33 [0.63; 2.78]
Krolewiecki, 2020 1.53 [0.42; 5.58]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 18.57 [1.07; 322.77]
NCT04542694, 2020 1.00 [0.54; 1.85]
Pandit, 2021 1.68 [0.47; 5.97]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 1.25 [0.45; 3.47]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.90 [0.96; 3.80]
Shinkai, 2021 19.54 [7.77; 49.11]
Udwadia, 2020 6.36 [2.43; 16.65]
1.89 [1.39 ; 2.56 ] Chaccour, 2020, ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020, Holubar M, 2021, Jagannathan, 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Pandit, 2021, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Udwadia, 2020 19 65% 3,689 moderate low arrhythmiadetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 2.24 [0.23; 21.69]
2.24 [0.23 ; 21.69 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 416 NA not evaluable elevated liver enzymesdetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 3.48 [1.40; 8.64]
3.48 [1.40 ; 8.64 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 416 NA not evaluable long QTdetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 9.79 [1.27; 75.50]
9.79 [1.27 ; 75.50 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 174 NA not evaluable Major bleedingdetailed results ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 1.80 [0.88; 3.67]
1.80 [0.88 ; 3.67 ] ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 1 0% 2,227 NA not evaluable renal impairmentdetailed results COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.35 [0.47; 3.86]
1.35 [0.47 ; 3.86 ] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1 0% 331 NA not evaluable Thromboembolic eventsdetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.89 [0.31; 2.55]
0.89 [0.31 ; 2.55 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 345 NA not evaluable 0.0 20.0 1.0 relative treatment effect www.metaEvidence.org 2024-04-27 01:23 +02:00
TE: relative treatment effect (measured by a risk ratio, an odds ratio or an hazard ratio depending on what is reported in the papers);
k: number of studies; n: total number of patients;
ROB: risk of bias (ROB 2.0); Pub. bias: publication bias; OBS: observational studies; RCT: randomized clinical trials
studied treatment is better when TE > 1;
studied treatment is better when TE < 1;
pathologies: 90
- treatments: 290,547,608,830,831,829,901,680,595,828,681,1209,833,629,689,543,617,625,859,511,960,546,564,944,682,1266,943,894,560,1102,598,563,668,753,752,836,639,541,534,581,615,679,522,582,666,1149,1150,737,544,733,597,524,611,538,957,958,521,566,517,881,904,882,897,896,899,1235,898,687,740,883,947,536,591,729,887,742,878,975,570,771,888,1141,690,880,1255,567,596,1437,600,652,557,635,1236,553,628,646,645,607,395,920,1438,927,932,931,1263,599,614,942,1436,928,923,535,1046,727,818,606,954,964,962,963,1045,638,677,627,533,526,616,926,1246,726,580,568,527,588,539,585,691,1210,525,843,827,1047,1048,819,545,1253,519,619,537,514,688,529,508,656,657,832,530,512,515,754,1142,1419,513,884,632,559,889,956,684,886,631,574,509,542,1145,555,554,941,961,1250,633,676,518,532,510,528,520,955,815,893,623,622,630,593,569,516,814,649,650,589,651,968,1245,610,751,747,695,548,970,594,565,879,1257,571,626,697,572,1234,586,573,540,592,930,949,838,698,934,735,929,948,946,945,587,655,1146,531,933,613,919,725,678,921,621,959,748,1348,1256,924,1243,925,658,699,612,552,590,891,605,892,722,618,609,551,834,763,922,935,620,1317,1265,824,766,857,1291,1088,1331,1330,1329,1344,1328,1327,979,822,762,805,950,757,761,806,758,826,755,821,1288,1287,1286,760,1284,802,765,1285,759,823,804,1264,764,858,835,1262,1290,1316,1341,1342,1343,825,803,1244,523,885,734,1439
- roots T: 290