published meta-analysis   sensitivity analysis   studies

potential COVID-19 treatments in COVID 19 hospitalized - Summary of results

OutcomeTE95% CInkI2ROBPub. bias 14-days deathsdetailed resultsConPlas-19, 2020 0.56 [0.20; 1.57] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 0.61 [0.24; 1.55] NCT04397757, 2021 0.47 [0.04; 5.45] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 2.14 [0.70; 6.58] VERU-111, 2022 0.30 [0.14; 0.64] 0.62[0.31; 1.24]ConPlas-19, 2020, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, NCT04397757, 2021, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, VERU-111, 2022551%1,222moderatenot evaluable death D28detailed resultsAbdulamir, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.12] Abuhasira, 2021 0.72 [0.23; 2.24] ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 0.65 [0.39; 1.09] AlQahtani, 2020 0.47 [0.04; 5.69] Aman, 2021 0.51 [0.27; 0.96] ASCOT, 2021 0.60 [0.06; 5.99] Bennett-Guerrero, 2021 0.86 [0.24; 3.11] CAN-COVID, 2020 0.67 [0.30; 1.50] Co-CLARITY, 2021 0.92 [0.02; 50.28] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.08 [0.79; 1.47] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41] COLCOVID, 2021 0.88 [0.70; 1.11] CONCOR-1, 2021 1.12 [0.86; 1.46] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.49 [0.20; 1.19] CONTAIN COVID-19, 2021 0.86 [0.60; 1.25] COPLA-II trial, 2020 1.17 [0.72; 1.92] CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.91 [0.38; 2.19] CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021 0.59 [0.23; 1.51] CORIMUNO-TOCI-ICU (Group 2), 2020 0.64 [0.23; 1.80] COV-BARRIER, 2021 0.57 [0.41; 0.79] COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 0.54 [0.31; 0.95] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 1.02 [0.62; 1.68] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 0.99 [0.52; 1.88] Declercq J (COV-AID), 2021 1.02 [0.39; 2.66] EU-CTR2020-001375-32 (PreToVid), 0 0.59 [0.33; 1.06] EU-CTR2020-001748-24 (ImmCoVA), 0 1.25 [0.16; 9.72] FACCT Trial, 2021 0.69 [0.28; 1.68] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 0.32 [0.13; 0.80] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.62 [0.33; 1.17] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021 0.81 [0.48; 1.36] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.77 [0.17; 3.50] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.52 [0.09; 2.86] Gunst JD, 2021 0.99 [0.29; 3.42] Horby, 2021 1.01 [0.93; 1.10] HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.80 [0.52; 1.24] I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.31 [0.09; 1.09] ITAC, 2022 0.80 [0.42; 1.52] Jamaati, 2021 1.19 [0.38; 3.72] Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 1.74 [0.51; 5.93] Kirenga, 2021 1.25 [0.46; 3.39] Krolewiecki, 2020 0.49 [0.01; 26.05] Lanzoni, 2021 0.14 [0.02; 0.96] Li, 2020 0.59 [0.22; 1.59] LIFESAVER, 2021 2.00 [0.16; 24.66] Mahajan, 2021 1.23 [0.34; 4.42] Menichetti, 2021 0.75 [0.37; 1.53] Metcovid, 2020 0.92 [0.67; 1.28] Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 1.10 [0.77; 1.57] NCT04397757, 2021 0.15 [0.03; 0.75] NCT04403477 (two doses), 2021 0.53 [0.14; 2.01] NCT04412772 (ARCHITECTS), 0 0.18 [0.01; 3.72] NCT04434717 (COVITOZ-1 single dose plus two doses), 0 0.52 [0.01; 28.31] NCT04479358 (COVIDOSE-2 substudy A 120mg plus 40mg), 0 0.07 [0.01; 0.88] NCT04528368, 2021 0.88 [0.02; 50.20] NCT04577534 (COVIDSTORM), 0 0.49 [0.01; 26.18] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.73 [0.52; 1.03] O’Donnell, 2021 0.47 [0.21; 1.06] Pandit, 2021 0.95 [0.02; 50.33] PC/COVID-19, 2021 0.63 [0.11; 3.58] PERUCONPLASMA, 2021 0.36 [0.04; 3.13] PlasmAr, 2020 0.93 [0.47; 1.85] Pouladzadeh, 2021 0.31 [0.01; 10.20] Raman, 2021 0.49 [0.02; 15.10] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.22 [0.07; 0.67] RECOVER, 2021 1.09 [0.38; 3.13] RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.97; 1.23] RECOVERY, 2022 0.87 [0.77; 0.98] RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022 0.96 [0.89; 1.04] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.97 [0.87; 1.08] RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021 1.01 [0.93; 1.10] RECOVERY (plasma), 2021 1.00 [0.93; 1.07] RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021 0.80 [0.70; 0.91] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 0.95 [0.65; 1.39] Rutgers, 2021 0.59 [0.33; 1.06] Sakoulas, 2020 0.29 [0.03; 3.13] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 1.38 [0.73; 2.62] Shahbaznejad, 2020 2.21 [0.07; 67.87] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 4.39 [0.20; 98.33] Shi, 2020 0.53 [0.01; 27.55] Shu, 2020 0.38 [0.02; 8.14] Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 0.40 [0.03; 6.18] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 0.15 [0.01; 4.34] SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.59] Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 0.61 [0.41; 0.92] STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021 0.49 [0.15; 1.62] Tabarsi, 2020 1.10 [0.45; 2.67] Talaschian, 2021 1.56 [0.34; 7.13] Tang X, 2020 0.98 [0.93; 1.02] University of Minnesota, 2020 1.29 [0.51; 3.26] Veiga, 2021 2.70 [0.92; 7.92] Zhang, 2020 0.50 [0.17; 1.50] 0.92[0.88; 0.96]Abdulamir, 2021, Abuhasira, 2021, ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, AlQahtani, 2020, Aman, 2021, ASCOT, 2021, Bennett-Guerrero, 2021, CAN-COVID, 2020, Co-CLARITY, 2021, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, COLCOVID, 2021, CONCOR-1, 2021, ConPlas-19, 2020, CONTAIN COVID-19, 2021, COPLA-II trial, 2020, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021, CORIMUNO-TOCI-ICU (Group 2), 2020, COV-BARRIER, 2021, COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, Declercq J (COV-AID), 2021, EU-CTR2020-001375-32 (PreToVid), 0, EU-CTR2020-001748-24 (ImmCoVA), 0, FACCT Trial, 2021, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Horby, 2021, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, ITAC, 2022, Jamaati, 2021, Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021, Kirenga, 2021, Krolewiecki, 2020, Lanzoni, 2021, Li, 2020, LIFESAVER, 2021, Mahajan, 2021, Menichetti, 2021, Metcovid, 2020, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, NCT04397757, 2021, NCT04403477 (two doses), 2021, NCT04412772 (ARCHITECTS), 0, NCT04434717 (COVITOZ-1 single dose plus two doses), 0, NCT04479358 (COVIDOSE-2 substudy A 120mg plus 40mg), 0, NCT04528368, 2021, NCT04577534 (COVIDSTORM), 0, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, O’Donnell, 2021, Pandit, 2021, PC/COVID-19, 2021, PERUCONPLASMA, 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, Pouladzadeh, 2021, Raman, 2021, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RECOVER, 2021, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY, 2022, RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021, RECOVERY (plasma), 2021, RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Rutgers, 2021, Sakoulas, 2020, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, Shahbaznejad, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Shi, 2020, Shu, 2020, Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021, STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021, Tabarsi, 2020, Talaschian, 2021, Tang X, 2020, University of Minnesota, 2020, Veiga, 2021, Zhang, 20209124%98,080moderatecritical death or transfer to ICUdetailed resultsBACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 0.97 [0.50; 1.88] Gunst JD, 2021 0.55 [0.26; 1.17] Lopardo, 2021 0.65 [0.35; 1.22] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.70 [0.44; 1.12] RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.99; 1.20] 0.84[0.62; 1.13]BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Lopardo, 2021, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RECOVERY, 2020553%5,989moderateserious deathsdetailed resultsAbd-Elsalam, 2020 1.21 [0.36; 4.12] Abdulamir, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.12] ACTIV-3/ TICO (sotrovimab), 2021 1.02 [0.48; 2.17] ACTIV-3/TICO (tixa), 2022 0.70 [0.50; 0.97] ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 1.71 [0.56; 5.21] ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 0.65 [0.39; 1.09] AlQahtani, 2020 0.47 [0.04; 5.69] Aman, 2021 0.51 [0.27; 0.96] ASCOT, 2021 0.60 [0.06; 5.99] ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 0.88 [0.64; 1.20] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.52 [0.41; 5.62] Baldeon, 2022 1.85 [0.49; 6.97] Bennett-Guerrero, 2021 0.80 [0.26; 2.45] CAN-COVID, 2020 0.67 [0.30; 1.50] Cao, 2020 0.71 [0.36; 1.40] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.10 [0.49; 2.45] CAPE-COVID, 2020 0.45 [0.20; 1.02] CAPSID, 2021 0.84 [0.28; 2.50] CCAP-2, 2021 2.03 [0.61; 6.77] Chen, 2020 0.56 [0.01; 30.20] Co-CLARITY, 2021 0.92 [0.02; 50.28] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.64 [0.18; 2.24] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 1.47 [0.48; 4.52] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.43 [0.13; 1.44] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.08 [0.79; 1.47] COALIZAO ACTION, 2021 1.55 [0.90; 2.70] CODEX (Tomazini), 2020 0.97 [0.72; 1.31] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41] COLCOVID, 2021 0.88 [0.70; 1.11] CONCOR-1, 2021 1.02 [0.77; 1.36] ConCOVID (Gharbharan et al.), 2020 0.95 [0.20; 4.59] CONFIDENT, 2020 0.84 [0.52; 1.37] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.46 [0.19; 1.15] CONTAIN COVID-19, 2021 0.86 [0.60; 1.25] COP-COVID-19, 2021 0.96 [0.36; 2.56] COPLA-II trial, 2020 1.17 [0.72; 1.92] CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.97 [0.46; 2.04] CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021 0.59 [0.23; 1.51] CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020 0.92 [0.31; 2.71] CORIMUNO-TOCI-ICU (Group 2), 2020 0.64 [0.23; 1.80] COV-BARRIER, 2021 0.57 [0.41; 0.79] COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 0.54 [0.31; 0.95] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 1.16 [0.73; 1.84] CP-COVID-19, 2021 3.20 [0.62; 16.39] Dabbous HM, 2020 0.51 [0.02; 15.41] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021 0.31 [0.07; 1.25] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021 0.52 [0.14; 1.92] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 0.99 [0.52; 1.88] Declercq J (COV-AID), 2021 1.02 [0.39; 2.66] DEXA-COVID19, 2020 2.00 [0.21; 18.87] EMPACTA, 2020 1.13 [0.54; 2.40] Entrenas (Pilot Calcifediol), 2020 0.12 [0.01; 2.79] EU-CTR2020-001375-32 (PreToVid), 0 0.59 [0.33; 1.06] EU-CTR2020-001748-24 (ImmCoVA), 0 1.25 [0.16; 9.72] FACCT Trial, 2021 0.96 [0.44; 2.08] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 0.33 [0.14; 0.79] Fu, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.66] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.62 [0.33; 1.17] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021 0.81 [0.48; 1.36] Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020 0.33 [0.06; 1.78] Gonzalez (IVER), 2020 0.83 [0.23; 3.02] GRECCO-19, 2020 0.21 [0.02; 1.97] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.76 [0.17; 3.40] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.51 [0.09; 2.84] Gunst JD, 2021 0.70 [0.20; 2.49] Hashim A, 2020 0.48 [0.11; 1.99] Holm K, 2021 0.49 [0.08; 2.89] Horby, 2021 1.01 [0.93; 1.10] HYCOVID, 2020 0.54 [0.21; 1.40] HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.80 [0.52; 1.24] I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.31 [0.09; 1.09] INSPIRATION, 2021 1.09 [0.78; 1.53] ITAC, 2022 0.80 [0.42; 1.52] Jamaati, 2021 1.19 [0.38; 3.72] Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 1.74 [0.51; 5.93] Khamis, 2020 0.83 [0.23; 2.96] Kirenga, 2021 1.25 [0.46; 3.39] Kirti, 2021 0.12 [0.01; 2.36] Krolewiecki, 2020 0.49 [0.01; 26.05] Lanzoni, 2021 0.11 [0.01; 0.93] Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021 1.23 [0.49; 3.12] Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021 0.97 [0.38; 2.50] Li, 2020 0.59 [0.22; 1.59] Libster, 2020 0.50 [0.09; 2.71] LIFESAVER, 2021 2.00 [0.16; 24.66] LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 0.70 [0.40; 1.21] Lopardo, 2021 0.57 [0.24; 1.37] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.12 [0.02; 62.74] Lou Y, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 55.80] Mahajan, 2021 1.23 [0.34; 4.42] Menichetti, 2021 0.75 [0.37; 1.53] Metcovid, 2020 0.92 [0.67; 1.28] Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 1.15 [0.80; 1.67] Murai, 2020 1.53 [0.53; 4.43] NCT04385199, 2021 0.75 [0.15; 3.77] NCT04397757, 2021 0.15 [0.03; 0.75] NCT04403477 (two doses), 2021 0.53 [0.14; 2.01] NCT04412772 (ARCHITECTS), 0 0.18 [0.01; 3.72] NCT04434717 (COVITOZ-1 single dose plus two doses), 0 0.52 [0.01; 28.31] NCT04442191, 2021 0.11 [0.00; 143.68] NCT04479358 (COVIDOSE-2 substudy A 120mg plus 40mg), 0 0.07 [0.01; 0.88] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 0.16 [0.01; 3.25] NCT04528368, 2021 0.88 [0.02; 50.20] NCT04542694, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 50.90] NCT04577534 (COVIDSTORM), 0 0.49 [0.01; 26.18] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.55 [0.36; 0.84] NO COVID-19 (Lyngbakken), 2020 0.96 [0.06; 15.78] NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3.10 [0.29; 33.20] ORCHID, 2020 1.07 [0.54; 2.11] O’Donnell, 2021 0.47 [0.21; 1.06] Pandit, 2021 0.95 [0.02; 50.33] PC/COVID-19, 2021 0.63 [0.11; 3.58] PERUCONPLASMA, 2021 0.36 [0.04; 3.13] PlasmAr, 2020 0.93 [0.47; 1.85] Pouladzadeh, 2021 0.31 [0.01; 10.20] ProPAC-COVID, 2021 0.08 [0.00; 8.65] Rahmani, 2020 0.29 [0.05; 1.56] Raman, 2021 0.49 [0.02; 15.10] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.22 [0.07; 0.67] Rasheed, 2020 0.13 [0.01; 1.09] RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021 2.24 [0.20; 25.37] RECOVER, 2021 1.09 [0.38; 3.13] RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.97; 1.23] RECOVERY, 2020 1.03 [0.91; 1.17] RECOVERY, 2021 0.85 [0.76; 0.95] RECOVERY, 2022 0.87 [0.77; 0.98] RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022 0.96 [0.89; 1.04] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.97 [0.87; 1.08] RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021 1.01 [0.93; 1.10] RECOVERY (plasma), 2021 1.00 [0.93; 1.07] RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021 0.80 [0.70; 0.91] RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020 0.83 [0.75; 0.92] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.83 [0.65; 1.06] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.58 [0.36; 0.93] REMAP-CAP (plasma), 2021 0.96 [0.80; 1.15] REMAP-CAP (tocilizumab), 2021 0.70 [0.51; 0.95] REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 2021 1.08 [0.85; 1.38] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 0.95 [0.65; 1.39] Rutgers, 2021 0.62 [0.36; 1.07] Sadeghi , 2020 0.56 [0.12; 2.56] Sakoulas, 2020 0.29 [0.03; 3.13] Salehzadeh, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.41] SAVE-MORE, 2021 0.45 [0.20; 0.99] Sekhavati, 2020 0.49 [0.02; 14.80] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 1.38 [0.73; 2.62] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 4.39 [0.20; 98.33] Shi, 2020 0.53 [0.01; 27.55] Shu, 2020 0.38 [0.02; 8.14] Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 0.40 [0.03; 6.18] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 0.15 [0.01; 4.34] Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021 0.67 [0.29; 1.55] SOLIDARITY (interferon), 2020 1.16 [0.96; 1.40] SOLIDARITY (lopi/rito), 2020 1.00 [0.79; 1.26] SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 0.95 [0.81; 1.11] SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.59] Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 0.61 [0.41; 0.92] Steroids-SARI, 2020 0.91 [0.29; 2.86] STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021 0.49 [0.15; 1.62] Synairgen SG016, 2020 0.16 [0.01; 3.31] Tabarsi, 2020 1.10 [0.45; 2.67] Talaschian, 2021 1.25 [0.30; 5.14] Tang X, 2020 0.98 [0.93; 1.02] TEACH, 2020 1.07 [0.34; 3.37] Udwadia, 2020 0.50 [0.02; 15.03] University of Minnesota, 2020 0.68 [0.11; 4.16] Veiga, 2021 2.70 [0.92; 7.92] Yakoot, 2020 0.38 [0.07; 2.08] Zhang, 2020 0.50 [0.17; 1.50] 0.91[0.88; 0.95]Abd-Elsalam, 2020, Abdulamir, 2021, ACTIV-3/ TICO (sotrovimab), 2021, ACTIV-3/TICO (tixa), 2022, ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020, ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, AlQahtani, 2020, Aman, 2021, ASCOT, 2021, ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Baldeon, 2022, Bennett-Guerrero, 2021, CAN-COVID, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, CAPE-COVID, 2020, CAPSID, 2021, CCAP-2, 2021, Chen, 2020, Co-CLARITY, 2021, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, COALIZAO ACTION, 2021, CODEX (Tomazini), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, COLCOVID, 2021, CONCOR-1, 2021, ConCOVID (Gharbharan et al.), 2020, CONFIDENT, 2020, ConPlas-19, 2020, CONTAIN COVID-19, 2021, COP-COVID-19, 2021, COPLA-II trial, 2020, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021, CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020, CORIMUNO-TOCI-ICU (Group 2), 2020, COV-BARRIER, 2021, COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, CP-COVID-19, 2021, Dabbous HM, 2020, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, Declercq J (COV-AID), 2021, DEXA-COVID19, 2020, EMPACTA, 2020, Entrenas (Pilot Calcifediol), 2020, EU-CTR2020-001375-32 (PreToVid), 0, EU-CTR2020-001748-24 (ImmCoVA), 0, FACCT Trial, 2021, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, Fu, 2020, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021, Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020, Gonzalez (IVER), 2020, GRECCO-19, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Hashim A, 2020, Holm K, 2021, Horby, 2021, HYCOVID, 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, INSPIRATION, 2021, ITAC, 2022, Jamaati, 2021, Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021, Khamis, 2020, Kirenga, 2021, Kirti, 2021, Krolewiecki, 2020, Lanzoni, 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021, Li, 2020, Libster, 2020, LIFESAVER, 2021, LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021, Lopardo, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Mahajan, 2021, Menichetti, 2021, Metcovid, 2020, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, Murai, 2020, NCT04385199, 2021, NCT04397757, 2021, NCT04403477 (two doses), 2021, NCT04412772 (ARCHITECTS), 0, NCT04434717 (COVITOZ-1 single dose plus two doses), 0, NCT04442191, 2021, NCT04479358 (COVIDOSE-2 substudy A 120mg plus 40mg), 0, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04528368, 2021, NCT04542694, 2020, NCT04577534 (COVIDSTORM), 0, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, NO COVID-19 (Lyngbakken), 2020, NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021, ORCHID, 2020, O’Donnell, 2021, Pandit, 2021, PC/COVID-19, 2021, PERUCONPLASMA, 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, Pouladzadeh, 2021, ProPAC-COVID, 2021, Rahmani, 2020, Raman, 2021, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, Rasheed, 2020, RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021, RECOVER, 2021, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY, 2021, RECOVERY, 2022, RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021, RECOVERY (plasma), 2021, RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021, RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, REMAP-CAP (plasma), 2021, REMAP-CAP (tocilizumab), 2021, REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 2021, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Rutgers, 2021, Sadeghi , 2020, Sakoulas, 2020, Salehzadeh, 2020, SAVE-MORE, 2021, Sekhavati, 2020, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Shi, 2020, Shu, 2020, Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021, Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021, SOLIDARITY (interferon), 2020, SOLIDARITY (lopi/rito), 2020, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021, Steroids-SARI, 2020, STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Tabarsi, 2020, Talaschian, 2021, Tang X, 2020, TEACH, 2020, Udwadia, 2020, University of Minnesota, 2020, Veiga, 2021, Yakoot, 2020, Zhang, 202016819%146,116moderatecritical deaths (time to event analysis only)detailed resultsACTIV-3/ TICO (sotrovimab), 2021 1.02 [0.48; 2.17] ACTIV-3/TICO (tixa), 2022 0.70 [0.50; 0.97] ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 0.65 [0.39; 1.09] Baldeon, 2022 1.85 [0.49; 6.97] Bennett-Guerrero, 2021 0.80 [0.26; 2.45] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.64 [0.18; 2.24] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.08 [0.79; 1.47] COLCOVID, 2021 0.88 [0.70; 1.11] CONCOR-1, 2021 1.02 [0.77; 1.36] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.46 [0.19; 1.15] COV-BARRIER, 2021 0.57 [0.41; 0.79] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 1.16 [0.73; 1.84] CP-COVID-19, 2021 3.20 [0.62; 16.39] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 0.99 [0.52; 1.88] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 0.33 [0.14; 0.79] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.76 [0.17; 3.40] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.51 [0.09; 2.84] Gunst JD, 2021 0.70 [0.20; 2.49] HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.80 [0.52; 1.24] Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 1.74 [0.51; 5.93] Lanzoni, 2021 0.11 [0.01; 0.93] LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 0.70 [0.40; 1.21] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.55 [0.36; 0.84] NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3.10 [0.29; 33.20] PlasmAr, 2020 0.93 [0.47; 1.85] RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.97; 1.23] RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022 0.96 [0.89; 1.04] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.97 [0.87; 1.08] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.83 [0.65; 1.06] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.58 [0.36; 0.93] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 0.95 [0.65; 1.39] Rutgers, 2021 0.62 [0.36; 1.07] SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 0.95 [0.81; 1.11] SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.59] Talaschian, 2021 1.25 [0.30; 5.14] Zhang, 2020 0.50 [0.17; 1.50] 0.88[0.81; 0.96]ACTIV-3/ TICO (sotrovimab), 2021, ACTIV-3/TICO (tixa), 2022, ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, Baldeon, 2022, Bennett-Guerrero, 2021, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, COLCOVID, 2021, CONCOR-1, 2021, ConPlas-19, 2020, COV-BARRIER, 2021, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, CP-COVID-19, 2021, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021, Lanzoni, 2021, LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Rutgers, 2021, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Talaschian, 2021, Zhang, 20203642%50,123moderatecritical clinical deteriorationdetailed resultsBACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.11 [0.59; 2.09] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.95 [0.55; 1.64] CAPSID, 2021 0.63 [0.29; 1.40] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.99 [0.57; 1.72] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 1.21 [0.69; 2.12] COALIZAO ACTION, 2021 1.35 [0.85; 2.15] CODEX (Tomazini), 2020 0.66 [0.43; 1.02] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.38 [0.09; 1.58] ConPlas-19, 2020 1.00 [0.65; 1.53] CONTAIN COVID-19, 2021 0.94 [0.75; 1.18] CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.89 [0.42; 1.92] CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021 1.01 [0.48; 2.12] CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020 0.56 [0.26; 1.20] COV-BARRIER, 2021 1.12 [0.58; 2.16] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 3.69 [0.37; 36.57] ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.86 [0.06; 11.36] EMPACTA, 2020 0.55 [0.33; 0.92] GRECCO-19, 2020 0.11 [0.01; 1.08] Hashim A, 2020 0.40 [0.10; 1.63] I-TECH (Lim), 2022 1.25 [0.87; 1.80] Kirenga, 2021 0.91 [0.38; 2.17] Li T, 2020 0.48 [0.01; 27.44] Libster, 2020 0.52 [0.29; 0.94] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 0.44 [0.23; 0.84] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.69 [0.43; 1.10] RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021 1.05 [0.59; 1.86] SAVE-MORE, 2021 0.36 [0.26; 0.50] Shu, 2020 0.27 [0.01; 5.58] Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021 0.67 [0.26; 1.77] STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021 0.54 [0.27; 1.07] Synairgen SG016, 2020 0.50 [0.18; 1.38] Tang X, 2020 1.00 [0.13; 7.45] TEACH, 2020 1.80 [0.62; 5.21] Zhang, 2020 0.40 [0.10; 1.65] 0.78[0.66; 0.92]BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, CAPSID, 2021, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALIZAO ACTION, 2021, CODEX (Tomazini), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, ConPlas-19, 2020, CONTAIN COVID-19, 2021, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021, CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020, COV-BARRIER, 2021, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, EMPACTA, 2020, GRECCO-19, 2020, Hashim A, 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Kirenga, 2021, Li T, 2020, Libster, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021, SAVE-MORE, 2021, Shu, 2020, Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021, STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Tang X, 2020, TEACH, 2020, Zhang, 20203449%7,888moderatelow clinical improvementdetailed resultsACTIV-3/TICO (tixa), 2022 1.08 [0.97; 1.20] ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 0.85 [0.56; 1.29] ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 1.16 [1.01; 1.33] AVIFAVIR, 2020 0.53 [0.13; 2.19] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.06 [0.80; 1.41] Bennett-Guerrero, 2021 0.75 [0.21; 2.68] CAN-COVID, 2020 1.39 [0.76; 2.54] Cao, 2020 1.31 [0.94; 1.83] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.23 [0.87; 1.74] CAPSID, 2021 1.58 [0.71; 3.49] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.81 [0.54; 1.22] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.82 [0.47; 1.43] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.74 [0.51; 1.07] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.95 [0.60; 1.52] COV-BARRIER, 2021 1.25 [1.04; 1.50] COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 2.87 [1.12; 7.36] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 1.19 [0.81; 1.75] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021 2.36 [1.09; 5.12] Dongsheng Wang, 2020 2.37 [0.40; 13.96] EMPACTA, 2020 1.15 [0.90; 1.47] Ghandehari, 2020 1.31 [1.00; 1.71] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.16 [0.77; 1.74] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.65 [1.09; 2.49] Gunst JD, 2021 1.14 [0.83; 1.57] ITAC, 2022 1.06 [0.77; 1.45] Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 0.99 [0.87; 1.13] Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021 1.03 [0.75; 1.41] Li, 2020 1.40 [0.79; 2.49] Lopardo, 2021 1.61 [0.75; 3.49] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.25 [0.21; 7.62] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.89 [1.06; 3.38] NCT04542694, 2020 2.10 [1.04; 4.24] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.29 [1.12; 1.49] ORCHID, 2020 1.02 [0.73; 1.42] O’Donnell, 2021 1.20 [0.87; 1.65] PlasmAr, 2020 0.81 [0.50; 1.31] Pouladzadeh, 2021 7.31 [1.62; 32.97] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.63 [0.37; 1.06] REMAP-CAP (tocilizumab), 2021 1.64 [1.25; 2.15] REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 2021 0.83 [0.67; 1.03] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.63 [1.14; 2.34] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 0.94 [0.74; 1.19] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 0.68 [0.21; 2.20] Shu, 2020 10.27 [1.17; 90.18] Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 2.50 [0.16; 38.60] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 3.00 [0.20; 45.25] Synairgen SG016, 2020 2.32 [1.07; 5.04] Tang X, 2020 1.04 [0.67; 1.62] Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79] 1.16[1.08; 1.24]ACTIV-3/TICO (tixa), 2022, ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020, ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, AVIFAVIR, 2020, BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, Bennett-Guerrero, 2021, CAN-COVID, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, CAPSID, 2021, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, ConPlas-19, 2020, COV-BARRIER, 2021, COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021, Dongsheng Wang, 2020, EMPACTA, 2020, Ghandehari, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, ITAC, 2022, Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021, Li, 2020, Lopardo, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, O’Donnell, 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, Pouladzadeh, 2021, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, REMAP-CAP (tocilizumab), 2021, REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Shu, 2020, Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Tang X, 2020, Udwadia, 20204948%16,424moderatecritical clinical improvement (14-day)detailed resultsACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 1.30 [1.03; 1.64] AVIFAVIR, 2020 0.53 [0.13; 2.19] Cao, 2020 1.94 [1.09; 3.48] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.21 [0.64; 2.28] Chen, 2020 0.56 [0.13; 2.48] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.01 [0.58; 1.76] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 0.83 [0.47; 1.44] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.82 [0.47; 1.43] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.74 [0.51; 1.07] COV-BARRIER, 2021 1.28 [1.05; 1.56] COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 1.97 [0.95; 4.09] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.58 [1.01; 2.47] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.56 [1.00; 2.44] Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 1.01 [0.79; 1.29] Li, 2020 2.27 [0.90; 5.72] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.25 [0.21; 7.62] Lou Y, 2020 1.50 [0.26; 8.82] ORCHID, 2020 1.02 [0.73; 1.42] Pandit, 2021 8.77 [0.94; 81.67] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.85 [0.64; 1.12] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.63 [0.37; 1.06] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [1.05; 1.56] Sadeghi , 2020 3.63 [1.02; 12.93] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 0.68 [0.21; 2.20] Shu, 2020 10.27 [1.17; 90.18] Tang X, 2020 1.33 [0.57; 3.11] 1.15[1.00; 1.31]ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, AVIFAVIR, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Chen, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, COV-BARRIER, 2021, COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021, Li, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Pandit, 2021, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sadeghi , 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Shu, 2020, Tang X, 20202647%8,874moderatelow clinical improvement (21-day)detailed resultsLi T, 2020 2.09 [0.04; 119.96] 2.09[0.04; 119.96]Li T, 202010%18NAnot evaluable clinical improvement (28-day)detailed resultsAbuhasira, 2021 1.70 [0.52; 5.49] ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 1.27 [1.03; 1.57] Bennett-Guerrero, 2021 1.02 [0.25; 4.20] Cao, 2020 1.59 [0.84; 3.03] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.37 [0.79; 2.39] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.70 [0.47; 1.04] COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 1.82 [0.87; 3.81] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 1.19 [0.81; 1.75] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.88 [1.03; 3.42] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.75 [0.97; 3.17] Li, 2020 1.42 [0.65; 3.10] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.35 [1.03; 1.76] ORCHID, 2020 0.97 [0.69; 1.37] O’Donnell, 2021 1.38 [0.73; 2.61] Pouladzadeh, 2021 7.31 [1.62; 32.97] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.11 [0.96; 1.29] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 0.94 [0.74; 1.19] Shu, 2020 3.68 [0.18; 75.54] Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 2.50 [0.16; 38.60] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 3.00 [0.20; 45.25] Synairgen SG016, 2020 3.15 [1.39; 7.14] Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79] 1.28[1.12; 1.46]Abuhasira, 2021, ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, Bennett-Guerrero, 2021, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Li, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, O’Donnell, 2021, Pouladzadeh, 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, Shu, 2020, Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Udwadia, 20202241%7,084moderatecritical clinical improvement (7-day)detailed resultsACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 0.85 [0.56; 1.29] Cao, 2020 3.16 [0.62; 16.06] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.99 [0.18; 5.51] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.89 [0.59; 1.35] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.94 [0.63; 1.40] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.03 [0.69; 1.53] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.41 [0.94; 2.09] ITAC, 2022 1.06 [0.77; 1.45] Kirti, 2021 0.90 [0.77; 1.06] Li, 2020 0.98 [0.27; 3.58] Lou Y, 2020 1.00 [0.05; 18.57] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.93 [1.27; 2.93] NCT04542694, 2020 2.10 [1.04; 4.24] ORCHID, 2020 1.16 [0.84; 1.61] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.50 [1.02; 2.21] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 1.91 [1.03; 3.53] Shu, 2020 6.72 [1.50; 30.07] 1.21[1.02; 1.43]ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, ITAC, 2022, Kirti, 2021, Li, 2020, Lou Y, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Shu, 20201753%4,554moderatecritical clinical improvement (time to event analysis only)detailed resultsAbuhasira, 2021 1.22 [0.70; 2.14] ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 1.16 [1.01; 1.33] Bennett-Guerrero, 2021 0.75 [0.21; 2.68] Cao, 2020 1.31 [0.94; 1.83] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.23 [0.87; 1.74] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.95 [0.60; 1.52] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021 2.36 [1.09; 5.12] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021 1.42 [0.63; 3.18] EMPACTA, 2020 1.15 [0.90; 1.47] FACCT Trial, 2021 0.85 [0.62; 1.16] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.16 [0.94; 1.44] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.15 [0.93; 1.42] Gunst JD, 2021 1.14 [0.83; 1.57] HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 1.05 [0.74; 1.48] Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021 0.99 [0.87; 1.13] Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021 1.03 [0.75; 1.41] Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021 1.14 [0.84; 1.54] Li, 2020 1.40 [0.79; 2.49] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.89 [1.06; 3.38] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.29 [1.12; 1.49] ORCHID, 2020 0.97 [0.69; 1.36] O’Donnell, 2021 1.20 [0.87; 1.65] PlasmAr, 2020 1.00 [0.76; 1.32] Rahmani, 2020 3.41 [1.33; 8.73] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.63 [1.14; 2.34] Shinkai, 2021 1.40 [0.91; 2.15] Tang X, 2020 1.04 [0.67; 1.62] Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79] 1.16[1.09; 1.24]Abuhasira, 2021, ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, Bennett-Guerrero, 2021, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, ConPlas-19, 2020, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021, EMPACTA, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, Kalil (ACTT-3), 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021, Li, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, O’Donnell, 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, Rahmani, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Tang X, 2020, Udwadia, 20202824%7,743moderatecritical death or ventilationdetailed resultsACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 0.69 [0.50; 0.95] ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 0.82 [0.63; 1.07] BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 0.83 [0.38; 1.81] CAPE-COVID, 2020 0.71 [0.37; 1.35] COLCOVID, 2021 0.83 [0.67; 1.02] CONCOR-1, 2021 1.16 [0.94; 1.43] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.94 [0.86; 1.02] CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021 0.97 [0.62; 1.52] CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021 1.12 [0.56; 2.22] CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020 0.56 [0.24; 1.31] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 1.01 [0.64; 1.59] EMPACTA, 2020 0.56 [0.32; 0.97] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 0.46 [0.22; 0.96] Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020 0.69 [0.22; 2.21] Gonzalez (IVER), 2020 0.89 [0.30; 2.64] HYCOVID, 2020 1.12 [0.45; 2.79] LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021 0.65 [0.43; 0.98] Menichetti, 2021 0.88 [0.59; 1.32] ORCHID, 2020 1.13 [0.60; 2.13] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.59 [0.34; 1.02] RECOVERY, 2020 1.14 [1.03; 1.27] RECOVERY, 2021 0.85 [0.78; 0.93] RECOVERY, 2022 0.90 [0.81; 0.99] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.95 [0.87; 1.03] RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021 1.02 [0.96; 1.09] RECOVERY (plasma), 2021 0.99 [0.93; 1.05] RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021 0.83 [0.75; 0.92] RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020 0.92 [0.84; 1.01] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 0.98 [0.72; 1.34] Rutgers, 2021 0.65 [0.43; 0.99] SOLIDARITY (interferon), 2020 1.05 [0.90; 1.23] SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 0.97 [0.85; 1.10] SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.11 [0.87; 1.42] Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 0.66 [0.46; 0.94] STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021 0.63 [0.41; 0.97] Synairgen SG016, 2020 0.38 [0.09; 1.63] Veiga, 2021 1.54 [0.65; 3.63] 0.92[0.88; 0.97]ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, CAPE-COVID, 2020, COLCOVID, 2021, CONCOR-1, 2021, ConPlas-19, 2020, CORIMUNO-ANA-1, 2021, CORIMUNO-SARI-1 (non ICU), 2021, CORIMUNO-TOCI-1 (Group 1), 2020, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, EMPACTA, 2020, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020, Gonzalez (IVER), 2020, HYCOVID, 2020, LIVE-AIR (Temesgen), 2021, Menichetti, 2021, ORCHID, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY, 2021, RECOVERY, 2022, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021, RECOVERY (plasma), 2021, RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021, RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Rutgers, 2021, SOLIDARITY (interferon), 2020, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021, STOP-COVID (Guimarães), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Veiga, 20213753%76,507moderatecritical hospital dischargedetailed resultsACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 0.97 [0.78; 1.20] CAPE-COVID, 2020 1.67 [0.87; 3.19] ConPlas-19, 2020 1.02 [0.82; 1.28] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 1.06 [0.87; 1.30] EMPACTA, 2020 1.16 [0.90; 1.49] FACCT Trial, 2021 0.88 [0.64; 1.21] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 1.13 [0.82; 1.55] Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020 1.38 [0.46; 4.16] Gonzalez (IVER), 2020 0.71 [0.15; 3.40] HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 1.01 [0.72; 1.42] Kirti, 2021 1.20 [0.73; 1.98] Li T, 2020 10.00 [1.03; 97.50] Murai, 2020 0.99 [0.71; 1.38] Rahmani, 2020 3.44 [0.64; 18.49] RECOVERY, 2020 0.98 [0.91; 1.05] RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022 1.06 [1.02; 1.10] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 1.04 [0.98; 1.10] RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021 0.98 [0.94; 1.03] RECOVERY (plasma), 2021 0.99 [0.92; 1.07] RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021 1.19 [1.08; 1.31] RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020 1.10 [1.03; 1.17] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.83 [0.69; 1.00] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.63 [0.43; 0.92] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 0.97 [0.79; 1.20] Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021 1.48 [1.05; 2.09] Synairgen SG016, 2020 1.63 [0.61; 4.35] Udwadia, 2020 1.41 [0.97; 2.03] University of Minnesota, 2020 0.64 [0.37; 1.11] 1.03[0.99; 1.08]ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020, CAPE-COVID, 2020, ConPlas-19, 2020, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, EMPACTA, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020, Gonzalez (IVER), 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, Kirti, 2021, Li T, 2020, Murai, 2020, Rahmani, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (Aspirin), 2022, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021, RECOVERY (plasma), 2021, RECOVERY (REGN-COV2), 2021, RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Somersan-Karakaya (Cohort 1, Cohort 1A; Combined doses), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Udwadia, 2020, University of Minnesota, 20202853%66,056moderatelow hospitalizationdetailed resultsJagannathan, 2020 1.00 [0.14; 7.34] University of Minnesota, 2020 1.63 [0.94; 2.85] 1.58[0.92; 2.70]Jagannathan, 2020, University of Minnesota, 202020%325moderatenot evaluable mechanical ventilationdetailed resultsAbuhasira, 2021 1.62 [0.41; 6.39] ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 0.64 [0.44; 0.93] AlQahtani, 2020 0.67 [0.22; 2.02] CAPE-COVID, 2020 0.95 [0.44; 2.04] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.77 [0.81; 3.87] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.54 [0.70; 3.37] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41] COPLA-II trial, 2020 0.58 [0.37; 0.92] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 0.67 [0.39; 1.14] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021 1.00 [0.27; 3.67] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021 1.00 [0.27; 3.67] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 0.85 [0.27; 2.62] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.70 [0.52; 0.95] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021 0.85 [0.68; 1.06] GRECCO-19, 2020 0.17 [0.02; 1.48] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.26 [0.03; 2.30] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.13 [0.01; 2.45] Gunst JD, 2021 2.27 [0.62; 8.26] Holm K, 2021 0.39 [0.01; 12.68] I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.41 [0.13; 1.30] Jamaati, 2021 1.38 [0.45; 4.20] Kirti, 2021 0.20 [0.00; 8.69] Li T, 2020 0.40 [0.04; 3.90] Lou Y, 2020 2.11 [0.06; 70.98] Mahajan, 2021 2.27 [0.39; 13.27] Metcovid, 2020 1.19 [0.56; 2.49] Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 1.52 [0.72; 3.19] Murai, 2020 0.49 [0.21; 1.14] NCT04397757, 2021 0.41 [0.13; 1.35] O’Donnell, 2021 1.50 [0.47; 4.82] PlasmAr, 2020 0.86 [0.39; 1.93] Rahmani, 2020 0.29 [0.05; 1.56] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.70 [0.32; 1.54] RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021 1.36 [0.39; 4.69] RECOVERY, 2022 0.87 [0.74; 1.02] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.92 [0.79; 1.07] RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021 1.04 [0.93; 1.16] RECOVERY (plasma), 2021 0.98 [0.88; 1.09] RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020 0.77 [0.62; 0.95] Rutgers, 2021 0.65 [0.35; 1.24] Sadeghi , 2020 0.37 [0.09; 1.58] Sakoulas, 2020 0.19 [0.03; 1.11] SAVE-MORE, 2021 0.47 [0.03; 7.48] Sekhavati, 2020 0.16 [0.01; 3.19] Shahbaznejad, 2020 2.24 [0.19; 25.88] Shu, 2020 0.59 [0.02; 14.04] Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 0.09 [0.00; 2.48] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 0.08 [0.00; 2.07] Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021 1.05 [0.46; 2.38] SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 1.04 [0.87; 1.23] Tabarsi, 2020 1.49 [0.59; 3.78] Udwadia, 2020 0.06 [0.01; 0.83] University of Minnesota, 2020 1.34 [0.66; 2.73] Yakoot, 2020 0.38 [0.07; 2.08] 0.88[0.81; 0.96]Abuhasira, 2021, ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, AlQahtani, 2020, CAPE-COVID, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, COPLA-II trial, 2020, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021, GRECCO-19, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Holm K, 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Jamaati, 2021, Kirti, 2021, Li T, 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Mahajan, 2021, Metcovid, 2020, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, Murai, 2020, NCT04397757, 2021, O’Donnell, 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, Rahmani, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021, RECOVERY, 2022, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, RECOVERY (colchicine), 2021, RECOVERY (plasma), 2021, RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020, Rutgers, 2021, Sadeghi , 2020, Sakoulas, 2020, SAVE-MORE, 2021, Sekhavati, 2020, Shahbaznejad, 2020, Shu, 2020, Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021, Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, Tabarsi, 2020, Udwadia, 2020, University of Minnesota, 2020, Yakoot, 20205425%57,918moderatecritical mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only)detailed resultsCP-COVID-19, 2021 0.66 [0.25; 1.72] DAWN-Plasma, 2021 1.08 [0.65; 1.80] Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020 0.81 [0.27; 2.42] Gunst JD, 2021 0.69 [0.14; 3.42] Udwadia, 2020 0.06 [0.01; 0.83] 0.79[0.47; 1.33]CP-COVID-19, 2021, DAWN-Plasma, 2021, Fragoso-Saavedra (PISCO), 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Udwadia, 2020522%993moderateserious radiologic improvement (14-day)detailed resultsELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.48 [0.02; 11.28] ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 3.99] Jamaati, 2021 4.89 [1.15; 20.79] Rashad (CLARI vs SoC), 2021 2.87 [1.56; 5.28] Rashad A (AZI vs SoC), 2021 1.64 [0.94; 2.88] Tabarsi, 2020 2.33 [0.45; 12.00] 2.13[1.30; 3.50]ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Jamaati, 2021, Rashad (CLARI vs SoC), 2021, Rashad A (AZI vs SoC), 2021, Tabarsi, 2020621%584moderatenot evaluable radiologic improvement (7-day)detailed resultsELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.10 [0.00; 2.09] ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.08 [0.00; 1.71] 0.09[0.01; 0.78]ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 202020%46moderatenot evaluable viral clearance detailed resultsAVIFAVIR, 2020 3.89 [1.23; 12.29] Chaccour, 2020 0.92 [0.77; 1.09] CP-COVID-19, 2021 1.12 [0.16; 7.84] Dabbous HM, 2020 1.33 [0.60; 2.93] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.28 [0.19; 8.76] ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 2.80 [0.31; 25.53] Jagannathan, 2020 0.81 [0.56; 1.18] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 4.75] NCT04542694, 2020 13.03 [2.96; 57.24] Pandit, 2021 2.33 [0.55; 9.83] Raman, 2021 36.42 [10.85; 122.18] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [0.92; 1.79] Salman, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.89] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 2.77 [1.44; 5.32] Tang X, 2020 1.78 [1.06; 3.00] Udwadia, 2020 1.37 [0.94; 1.98] 1.86[1.28; 2.69]AVIFAVIR, 2020, Chaccour, 2020, CP-COVID-19, 2021, Dabbous HM, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Jagannathan, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Raman, 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Salman, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 2021, Tang X, 2020, Udwadia, 20201678%1,488moderatecritical viral clearance (time to event analysis only)detailed resultsJagannathan, 2020 0.81 [0.56; 1.18] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [0.92; 1.79] Tang X, 2020 1.78 [1.06; 3.00] Udwadia, 2020 1.37 [0.94; 1.98] 1.23[0.91; 1.66]Jagannathan, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Tang X, 2020, Udwadia, 2020457%524moderatenot evaluable viral clearance by day 14detailed resultsAVIFAVIR, 2020 3.08 [0.62; 15.39] Chen, 2020 1.42 [0.26; 7.76] CP-COVID-19, 2021 1.51 [0.33; 6.94] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.28 [0.19; 8.76] ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 2.80 [0.31; 25.53] Kirenga, 2021 0.95 [0.76; 1.19] Li T, 2020 1.00 [0.03; 34.67] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 4.75] Lou Y, 2020 0.12 [0.01; 2.86] Pandit, 2021 10.23 [1.12; 93.35] Raman, 2021 36.42 [10.85; 122.18] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 0.99 [0.93; 1.06] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 0.00 [0.00; 0.01] 0.97[0.48; 1.93]AVIFAVIR, 2020, Chen, 2020, CP-COVID-19, 2021, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Kirenga, 2021, Li T, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Raman, 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 20211393%2,053moderatelow viral clearance by day 7detailed resultsAVIFAVIR, 2020 3.89 [1.23; 12.29] Chaccour, 2020 0.92 [0.77; 1.09] Dabbous HM, 2020 1.33 [0.60; 2.93] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.30 [0.05; 1.91] ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.67 [0.10; 4.58] Kirenga, 2021 0.87 [0.65; 1.16] Kirti, 2021 0.80 [0.43; 1.50] Lou Y, 2020 1.50 [0.26; 8.82] Pandit, 2021 2.33 [0.55; 9.83] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.05 [0.92; 1.20] Salman, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.89] Shashi Bhushan, 2021 2.77 [1.44; 5.32] 1.09[0.88; 1.34]AVIFAVIR, 2020, Chaccour, 2020, Dabbous HM, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Kirenga, 2021, Kirti, 2021, Lou Y, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Salman, 2020, Shashi Bhushan, 20211248%973moderatelow ICU admissiondetailed resultsAbd-Elsalam, 2020 0.83 [0.35; 1.95] Abuhasira, 2021 1.96 [0.51; 7.52] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.47 [0.08; 2.69] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 0.48 [0.25; 0.94] CP-COVID-19, 2021 0.82 [0.35; 1.91] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021 1.00 [0.21; 4.71] Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021 0.46 [0.11; 1.94] Entrenas (Pilot Calcifediol), 2020 0.03 [0.00; 0.27] FACCT Trial, 2021 1.42 [0.79; 2.55] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.87 [0.69; 1.10] Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021 0.99 [0.56; 1.75] Gunst JD, 2021 0.80 [0.34; 1.90] I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.78 [0.27; 2.23] Khamis, 2020 1.03 [0.35; 3.03] Kirti, 2021 0.90 [0.30; 2.70] Libster, 2020 0.33 [0.07; 1.58] Lopardo, 2021 0.67 [0.35; 1.28] Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 5.43 [0.21; 139.89] Lou Y, 2020 2.11 [0.06; 70.98] Murai, 2020 0.71 [0.37; 1.37] ProPAC-COVID, 2021 1.24 [0.26; 5.80] Rahmani, 2020 0.37 [0.14; 1.00] RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021 0.79 [0.48; 1.30] Rutgers, 2021 0.96 [0.55; 1.68] Sekhavati, 2020 0.25 [0.05; 1.28] Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021 1.33 [0.67; 2.64] Tabarsi, 2020 0.56 [0.18; 1.74] Tang X, 2020 1.00 [0.13; 7.45] Yakoot, 2020 0.38 [0.07; 2.08] 0.82[0.70; 0.95]Abd-Elsalam, 2020, Abuhasira, 2021, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, CP-COVID-19, 2021, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1a), 2021, Darazam (COVIFERON Interferon beta-1b), 2021, Entrenas (Pilot Calcifediol), 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine), 2021, Gunst JD, 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Khamis, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Libster, 2020, Lopardo, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Murai, 2020, ProPAC-COVID, 2021, Rahmani, 2020, RAPID (Sholzberg), 2021, Rutgers, 2021, Sekhavati, 2020, Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021, Tabarsi, 2020, Tang X, 2020, Yakoot, 2020296%4,639moderatecritical Major thrombotic events or deathdetailed resultsREMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 2021 1.04 [0.80; 1.36] 1.04[0.80; 1.36]REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 202110%1,091NAnot evaluable off oxygenationdetailed resultsHYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.98 [0.64; 1.51] 0.98[0.64; 1.51]HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 202110%214NAnot evaluable recoverydetailed resultsAbdulamir, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.12] ACTIV-3 (BRII-196 and BRII-198), 2021 1.08 [0.88; 1.32] ACTIV-3/ TICO (sotrovimab), 2021 1.12 [0.91; 1.37] ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 1.06 [0.77; 1.46] COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022 1.57 [0.77; 3.20] Crippa (CANDIDATE), 2021 0.54 [0.15; 1.94] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.11 [0.90; 1.37] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.18 [0.96; 1.45] Gunst JD, 2021 1.18 [0.87; 1.61] Lanzoni, 2021 3.46 [1.05; 11.35] Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 0.97 [0.89; 1.05] Synairgen SG016, 2020 2.19 [1.03; 4.67] Talaschian, 2021 0.64 [0.14; 2.92] Yakoot, 2020 1.60 [1.00; 2.55] 1.12[1.01; 1.23]Abdulamir, 2021, ACTIV-3 (BRII-196 and BRII-198), 2021, ACTIV-3/ TICO (sotrovimab), 2021, ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020, COV-BARRIER (critically ill), 2022, Crippa (CANDIDATE), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Lanzoni, 2021, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, Synairgen SG016, 2020, Talaschian, 2021, Yakoot, 20201433%3,707moderatecritical AE leading to drug discontinuationdetailed resultsCAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 2.43 [0.79; 7.45] 2.43[0.79; 7.45]CAP-China (Wang et al.), 202010%233NAnot evaluable cardiac arrestdetailed resultsSOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.92 [0.35; 10.49] 1.92[0.35; 10.49]SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 202010%1,853NAnot evaluable composite safety outcome detailed resultsACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 1.56 [0.78; 3.11] 1.56[0.78; 3.11]ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 202010%314NAnot evaluable related AE (TRAE)detailed resultsSingh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 2.50 [0.16; 38.60] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 0.38 [0.01; 13.93] 1.26[0.14; 11.07]Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 202120%25moderatenot evaluable related SAE (TRSAE)detailed resultsCOALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.24 [0.50; 3.11] 1.24[0.50; 3.11]COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 202010%439NAnot evaluable serious adverse eventsdetailed resultsBACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 1.21 [0.58; 2.53] CAN-COVID, 2020 0.73 [0.45; 1.19] Cao, 2020 0.52 [0.27; 1.01] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.64 [0.33; 1.23] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.87 [0.36; 9.75] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.02 [0.20; 5.10] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.20 [0.82; 1.77] CODEX (Tomazini), 2020 0.53 [0.17; 1.62] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 0.24 [0.01; 5.41] CONCOR-1, 2021 1.27 [1.02; 1.58] ConPlas-19, 2020 0.89 [0.43; 1.86] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 0.81 [0.54; 1.22] Dongsheng Wang, 2020 0.91 [0.02; 47.31] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.55 [0.25; 1.23] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.50 [0.22; 1.14] Gunst JD, 2021 1.84 [0.79; 4.30] ITAC, 2022 0.98 [0.66; 1.46] Jagannathan, 2020 1.00 [0.14; 7.34] Krolewiecki, 2020 1.00 [0.03; 31.59] Lanzoni, 2021 0.10 [0.01; 0.69] Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021 1.15 [0.62; 2.12] Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021 1.38 [0.76; 2.51] Lou Y, 2020 2.25 [0.38; 13.47] Murai, 2020 0.99 [0.02; 50.39] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 3.97 [0.18; 88.58] NCT04542694, 2020 6.15 [0.30; 124.49] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.72 [0.54; 0.96] ORCHID, 2020 1.26 [0.56; 2.84] O’Donnell, 2021 0.64 [0.35; 1.17] Pandit, 2021 0.95 [0.02; 50.33] PlasmAr, 2020 1.40 [0.78; 2.51] Raman, 2021 0.49 [0.02; 15.10] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 1.57 [0.70; 3.49] REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.97 [0.22; 4.33] REMAP-CAP (plasma), 2021 2.28 [1.17; 4.46] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 0.83 [0.59; 1.18] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 2.06 [0.09; 46.40] Sadeghi , 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.94] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 1.14 [0.88; 1.48] Shi, 2020 1.08 [0.04; 32.96] Shinkai, 2021 2.80 [0.14; 56.95] Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021 0.97 [0.44; 2.13] Talaschian, 2021 7.93 [0.37; 171.38] Udwadia, 2020 1.03 [0.02; 52.48] Veiga, 2021 1.66 [0.60; 4.59] Yakoot, 2020 1.02 [0.02; 52.72] 0.99[0.88; 1.12]BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020, CAN-COVID, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, CODEX (Tomazini), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, CONCOR-1, 2021, ConPlas-19, 2020, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, Dongsheng Wang, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, ITAC, 2022, Jagannathan, 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, Lanzoni, 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021, Lou Y, 2020, Murai, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, O’Donnell, 2021, Pandit, 2021, PlasmAr, 2020, Raman, 2021, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, REMAP-CAP (plasma), 2021, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sadeghi , 2020, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, Shi, 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021, Talaschian, 2021, Udwadia, 2020, Veiga, 2021, Yakoot, 20204618%14,754moderatelow superinfectiondetailed resultsACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 0.50 [0.32; 0.79] CAPE-COVID, 2020 0.81 [0.49; 1.34] Metcovid, 2020 0.98 [0.65; 1.47] Rahmani, 2020 0.18 [0.02; 1.59] 0.70[0.46; 1.07]ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020, CAPE-COVID, 2020, Metcovid, 2020, Rahmani, 2020453%1,641lownot evaluable acute kidney injury detailed resultsCoalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.18 [0.44; 3.18] 1.18[0.44; 3.18]Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 202010%345NAnot evaluable adverse eventsdetailed resultsChaccour, 2020 1.00 [0.20; 5.07] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 2.22 [1.43; 3.44] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 0.88 [0.29; 2.65] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.21 [0.82; 1.78] COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021 1.72 [0.73; 4.08] COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 0.87 [0.52; 1.45] Dongsheng Wang, 2020 9.64 [2.76; 33.75] GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.63 [1.09; 2.42] GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.21 [0.82; 1.80] Gunst JD, 2021 0.80 [0.43; 1.51] Jagannathan, 2020 1.33 [0.63; 2.78] Kirenga, 2021 1.13 [0.50; 2.58] Krolewiecki, 2020 1.53 [0.42; 5.58] Lanzoni, 2021 0.18 [0.02; 1.95] Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021 0.97 [0.56; 1.69] Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021 1.31 [0.76; 2.27] Murai, 2020 1.99 [0.07; 59.94] NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 18.57 [1.07; 322.77] NCT04542694, 2020 1.00 [0.54; 1.85] ORCHID, 2020 1.42 [0.87; 2.34] Pandit, 2021 1.68 [0.47; 5.97] Raman, 2021 1.36 [0.56; 3.30] RECOVERY, 2020 1.36 [0.98; 1.90] Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021 1.32 [0.92; 1.89] Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.90 [0.96; 3.80] Sakoulas, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.46] Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021 1.08 [0.85; 1.38] Shi, 2020 0.88 [0.38; 2.03] Shinkai, 2021 19.54 [7.77; 49.11] Shu, 2020 2.48 [0.05; 132.54] Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021 0.45 [0.01; 16.71] Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021 0.04 [0.00; 1.01] Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021 1.50 [0.78; 2.87] TEACH, 2020 1.16 [0.55; 2.42] Udwadia, 2020 6.36 [2.43; 16.65] Veiga, 2021 1.65 [0.81; 3.37] 1.44[1.20; 1.73]Chaccour, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COL-COVID (Pascual-Figal), 2021, COVACTA (Rosas), 2020, Dongsheng Wang, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Gunst JD, 2021, Jagannathan, 2020, Kirenga, 2021, Krolewiecki, 2020, Lanzoni, 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 200mg), 2021, Lescure (Sarilumab 400mg), 2021, Murai, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Pandit, 2021, Raman, 2021, RECOVERY, 2020, Rosas (REMDACTA), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sakoulas, 2020, Sekine (PLACOVID), 2021, Shi, 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Shu, 2020, Singh (TD-0903 1mg), 2021, Singh (TD-0903 3mg), 2021, Soin AS (COVINTOC), 2021, TEACH, 2020, Udwadia, 2020, Veiga, 20213658%11,672moderatelow arrhythmiadetailed resultsCoalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 2.24 [0.23; 21.69] RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.90 [0.71; 1.15] Sekhavati, 2020 0.98 [0.02; 50.38] 0.91[0.72; 1.15]Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, Sekhavati, 202030%8,290moderatenot evaluable deep vein thrombosisdetailed resultsCAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.50 [0.03; 8.10] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.64 [0.23; 1.81] 0.62[0.23; 1.64]CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 202020%1,296moderatenot evaluable elevated liver enzymesdetailed resultsCAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.36 [0.13; 1.01] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 3.48 [1.40; 8.64] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.67 [0.38; 1.18] 0.95[0.29; 3.10]CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020384%1,712moderatenot evaluable hyperbilirubinemiadetailed resultsCAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.09 [0.42; 2.79] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.84 [0.30; 2.34] 0.97[0.48; 1.93]CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 202020%1,296lownot evaluable long QTdetailed resultsCoalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 9.79 [1.27; 75.50] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.90 [0.56; 1.43] 2.39[0.24; 23.87]Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020280%613moderatenot evaluable Major bleedingdetailed resultsATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021 1.80 [0.88; 3.67] COALIZAO ACTION, 2021 2.50 [0.78; 8.06] INSPIRATION, 2021 1.83 [0.53; 6.34] REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 2021 1.48 [0.74; 2.98] 1.75[1.14; 2.69]ATTACC, ACTIV-4a, and REMAP-CAP (noncritically ill patients), 2021, COALIZAO ACTION, 2021, INSPIRATION, 2021, REMAP-CAP, ACTIV-4a, ATTACC (critically ill patients), 202140%4,494moderatenot evaluable pulmonary embolismdetailed resultsCAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.50 [0.03; 8.10] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.96 [0.19; 4.80] 0.82[0.20; 3.29]CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 202020%1,296moderatenot evaluable renal impairmentdetailed resultsCAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.01 [0.03; 30.33] COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.35 [0.47; 3.86] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.44 [0.99; 2.11] NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.02 [0.64; 1.61] 1.26[0.95; 1.67]CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 202040%2,066moderatenot evaluable Thromboembolic eventsdetailed resultsCoalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.89 [0.31; 2.55] COALIZAO ACTION, 2021 0.73 [0.41; 1.29] INSPIRATION, 2021 1.07 [0.76; 1.49] 0.96[0.73; 1.27]Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALIZAO ACTION, 2021, INSPIRATION, 202130%1,521moderatenot evaluable0.05.01.0relative treatment effectwww.metaEvidence.org2024-03-28 13:47 +01:00

TE: relative treatment effect (measured by a risk ratio, an odds ratio or an hazard ratio depending on what is reported in the papers); k: number of studies; n: total number of patients; ROB: risk of bias (ROB 2.0); Pub. bias: publication bias; OBS: observational studies; RCT: randomized clinical trials
studied treatment is better when TE > 1; studied treatment is better when TE < 1;

pathologies: 95,94,90,91 - treatments: 290,547,608,830,831,829,901,680,595,828,681,1209,833,629,689,543,617,625,859,511,960,546,564,944,682,1266,943,894,560,1102,598,563,668,753,752,836,639,541,534,581,615,679,522,582,666,1149,1150,737,544,733,597,524,611,538,957,958,521,566,517,881,904,882,897,896,899,1235,898,687,740,883,947,536,591,729,887,742,878,975,570,771,888,1141,690,880,1255,567,596,1437,600,652,557,635,1236,553,628,646,645,607,395,920,1438,927,932,931,1263,599,614,942,1436,928,923,535,1046,727,818,606,954,964,962,963,1045,638,677,627,533,526,616,926,1246,726,580,568,527,588,539,585,691,1210,525,843,827,1047,1048,819,545,1253,519,619,537,514,688,529,508,656,657,832,530,512,515,754,1142,1419,513,884,632,559,889,956,684,886,631,574,509,542,1145,555,554,941,961,1250,633,676,518,532,510,528,520,955,815,893,623,622,630,593,569,516,814,649,650,589,651,968,1245,610,751,747,695,548,970,594,565,879,1257,571,626,697,572,1234,586,573,540,592,930,949,838,698,934,735,929,948,946,945,587,655,1146,531,933,613,919,725,678,921,621,959,748,1348,1256,924,1243,925,658,699,612,552,590,891,605,892,722,618,609,551,834,763,922,935,620,1317,1265,824,766,857,1291,1088,1331,1330,1329,1344,1328,1327,979,822,762,805,950,757,761,806,758,826,755,821,1288,1287,1286,760,1284,802,765,1285,759,823,804,1264,764,858,835,1262,1290,1316,1341,1342,1343,825,803,1244,523,885,734,1439 - roots T: 290