patient subgroup...
adolescents (typically 12-15 years of age) adults (typically between 18 and 65yr) age >= 55 yr age >= 60 yr age >= 65 yr age >= 75 yr alpha variant (B.1.1.7, UK) any cancer autoimmune disease beta variant (B.1.351 / 501Y.V2, South Africa) children corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes critical disease delta variant (B.1.617.2, Indian) dialysis patients elderly (typically over 65yr) fully vaccinated gamma variant (P.1, Brazil) haematological cancers healthcare workers immunodepression invasive ventilation kidney transplant recipients no oxygen needed non invasive oxygen obese omicron variant BA.1 (B.1.1.529) omicron variant BA.2 VOC original (Wuhan) strain positive for SARS-Cov-2 at baseline severe disease solid cancer solid organ transplant recipients subjects at risk
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
potential COVID-19 treatments - versus control - for COVID-19 severe or critically
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
00 death D28 0.78 [0.65, 0.94]< 1 31% 35 studies (34/1) 99.6 % moderate critical moderate crucial - death or transfer to ICU 0.90 [0.73, 1.10]< 1 18% 2 studies (1/1) 84.5 % NA not evaluable crucial - deaths 0.69 [0.55, 0.85]< 1 93% 89 studies (67/22) 100.0 % moderate critical moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 0.73 [0.48, 1.11]< 1 96% 22 studies (17/5) 92.9 % moderate critical moderate crucial - clinical deterioration 0.72 [0.56, 0.94]< 1 0% 7 studies (6/1) 99.3 % moderate not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement 1.21 [1.05, 1.39]> 1 60% 28 studies (27/1) 99.6 % moderate critical moderate important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.18 [0.93, 1.49]> 1 65% 12 studies (12/-) 91.7 % some concern critical moderate important - clinical improvement (28-day) 1.33 [1.03, 1.71]> 1 45% 14 studies (13/1) 98.6 % moderate critical moderate important - clinical improvement (7-day) 1.36 [0.72, 2.58]> 1 39% 6 studies (5/1) 83.0 % moderate not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.13 [1.02, 1.25]> 1 16% 14 studies (14/-) 99.0 % some concern critical moderate important - death or ventilation 0.96 [0.66, 1.41]< 1 56% 7 studies (7/-) 57.7 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - hospital discharge 1.04 [0.85, 1.27]> 1 58% 10 studies (9/1) 66.0 % moderate critical moderate important - mechanical ventilation 0.88 [0.69, 1.12]< 1 0% 19 studies (19/-) 84.5 % some concern low moderate important - mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only) 0.72 [0.35, 1.48]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 81.2 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - radiologic improvement (14-day) 3.53 [1.19, 10.46]> 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 98.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - viral clearance 2.92 [0.16, 51.79]> 1 90% 3 studies (2/1) 76.5 % low not evaluable high important - viral clearance by day 14 7.68 [0.34, 173.70]> 1 90% 2 studies (2/-) 89.7 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - ICU admission 0.60 [0.38, 0.93]< 1 52% 10 studies (9/1) 98.8 % moderate low moderate non important - Major thrombotic events or death 1.04 [0.80, 1.36]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 38.7 % NA not evaluable non important - off oxygenation 1.39 [0.29, 6.74]> 1 70% 3 studies (3/-) 65.7 % high not evaluable low non important - recovery 1.30 [0.64, 2.66]> 1 9% 2 studies (2/-) 76.5 % low not evaluable high non important - 00 AE leading to drug discontinuation 2.43 [0.79, 7.45]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 6.0 % NA not evaluable important - related AE (TRAE) 1.26 [0.14, 11.07]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 41.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - related SAE (TRSAE) 1.24 [0.50, 3.11]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 32.0 % NA not evaluable important - serious adverse events 1.04 [0.87, 1.24]< 1 27% 21 studies (21/-) 33.6 % some concern low moderate important - superinfection 1.32 [0.48, 3.60]< 1 80% 4 studies (3/1) 29.6 % serious not evaluable low important - acute kidney injury 0.43 [0.14, 1.34]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 92.7 % NA not evaluable non important - adverse events 1.12 [0.96, 1.31]< 1 0% 11 studies (11/-) 7.8 % some concern low moderate non important - arrhythmia 0.16 [0.03, 0.90]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 98.1 % NA not evaluable non important - deep vein thrombosis 0.50 [0.03, 8.10]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 68.5 % NA not evaluable non important - elevated liver enzymes 0.43 [0.21, 0.90]< 1 0% 2 studies (1/1) 98.7 % low not evaluable high non important - hyperbilirubinemia 1.09 [0.42, 2.79]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 43.1 % NA not evaluable non important - long QT 0.90 [0.56, 1.43]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 67.1 % NA not evaluable non important - Major bleeding 1.56 [0.85, 2.87]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 7.7 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - Myocardial infarction 0.87 [0.19, 3.92]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 57.2 % NA not evaluable non important - pulmonary embolism 0.50 [0.03, 8.10]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 68.5 % NA not evaluable non important - renal impairment 1.44 [0.98, 2.10]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 3.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - venous thromboembolism 5.23 [0.42, 65.62]< 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 10.2 % NA not evaluable non important - 00 Thromboembolic events 1.07 [0.76, 1.49]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 35.2 % NA not evaluable non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration:
