anti-inflammatoty and immuno-therapy for COVID-19 - live meta-analysis of clinical studies

Study explorer (study characteristics and results) method abbreviations pdf xlsx

display ongoing studies
Study	Ref.	RCT OBS RCT + OBS	studied treatment	control treatment	patients	study risk of bias	sample sizes	Results
COVID 19 hospitalized meta-analysis
RCT-TCZ-COVID-19, 2021 NCT04346355		RCT	tocilizumab	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	60/66	inconclusive
RECOVERY (plasma), 2021 NCT04381936		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	NA	-/-	inconclusive
ACTIV-3/TICO LY-CoV555 , 2020 NCT04501978		RCT	neutralizing antibody	placebo	COVID 19 hospitalized	low	163/151	inconclusive	inconclusive 6 % increase in time to recovery (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
ACTT-2 (Kalil), 2020 NCT04401579		RCT	baricitinib plus remdesivir	remdesivir	COVID 19 hospitalized	low	515/518	conclusif	demonstrated 16 % increase in clinical improvement,time to recovery (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias suggested 31 % decrease in death or ventilation with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
Balcells, 2020 NCT04375098		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	low	28/30	inconclusive	inconclusive 33 % decrease in death or ventilation (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
ConPlas-19, 2020 NCT04345523		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	38/43	inconclusive
Entrenas (Pilot Calcifediol), 2020 NCT04366908		RCT	Vitamin D	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	50/26	conclusif	inconclusive 88 % decrease in deaths (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias demonstrated 97 % decrease in ICU admission (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
Gharbharan et al., 2020 NCT04342182		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	43/43	inconclusive	inconclusive 5 % decrease in deaths (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
GLUCOCOVID, 2020		RCT	corticosteroids	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	high	34/29	suggested	suggested 45 % decrease in clinical deterioration but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Metcovid, 2020 NCT04343729		RCT	methylprednisolone	placebo	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	209/207	inconclusive	inconclusive 8 % decrease in deaths (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
RECOVERY dexamethasone, 2020 NCT04381936		RCT	dexamethasone	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	2104/4321	conclusif	demonstrated 17 % decrease in deaths (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias suggested 10 % increase in hospital discharge with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias in an exploratory subgroup analysis there was no benefit among patients who did not require oxygen (1.22 [0.86 to 1.75]; p=0.14)
SOLIDARITY (interferon), 2020 NCT04315948		RCT	interferon	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	some concern	2063/2064	inconclusive	inconclusive 16 % increase in deaths (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
Synairgen SG016, 2020 NCT04385095		RCT	SNG001 inhaled interferon beta	placebo	COVID 19 hospitalized	high	50/51	suggested	suggested 1.3-fold increase in clinical improvement but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Bruce, 2020		OBS	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	NA	54/1168	inconclusive	inconclusive 11 % decrease in deaths (time to event analysis only) (PE)
Wenxin, 2020 ChiCTR2000031630.		OBS	Celecoxib	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	NA	36/7	suggested	suggested 92 % decrease in clinical deterioration suggested 11.8-fold increase in clinical improvement concentrations of PGE2 in urine samples of COVID-19 patients were significantly higher than that of healthy individuals (mean value is 170 ng/ml vs 18.8 ng/ml, p<0.01) and positively correlated with the progression of COVID-19.
Abolghasemi, 2020 IRCT20200325046860N1		OBS	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	critical	115/74	inconclusive
Annweiler (GERIA-COVID; regular intake of bolus vitamin D), 2020		OBS	Vitamin D	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	NA	29/32	suggested	suggested 93 % decrease in deaths (PE) suggested 92 % decrease in death or ventilation
Annweiler (GERIA-COVID; Vitamin D Supplementation After COVID-19 Diagnosis), 2020		OBS	Vitamin D	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	NA	16/32	inconclusive
Colaneri, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	critical	21/21	inconclusive
Fernández Cruz, 2020		OBS	corticosteroids	standard of care	COVID 19 hospitalized	serious	396/67	suggested	suggested 66 % decrease in deaths but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
HNF Hospital Tocilizumab multidisciplinary team, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	critical	20/25	suggested	suggested 87 % decrease in death or transfer to ICU but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
Malgorzata, 2020		OBS	anti-inflammatory therapies	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	critical	130/66	suggested	suggested 59 % decrease in deaths but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
Martinez-Sanz, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	critical	260/969	suggested	suggested 66 % decrease in deaths but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
Tsai, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	serious	66/66	inconclusive
Jeong, 2020		OBS	non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs	control	COVID 19 hospitalized	NA	354/1470	safety concern	statistically significant 65 % increase in clinical deterioration (PE) statistically significant 87 % increase in cardiovascular or renal events
COVID 19 all comers meta-analysis
sarilumab phase 2 high dose unpublished NCT04315298		RCT	sarilumab high dose (400mg)	placebo	COVID 19 all comers	high	145/77	suggested	suggested 61 % decrease in death or ventilation but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias suggested 73 % decrease in ventilation but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias there were negative trends for most outcomes in the “severe” group, while there were positive trends for all outcomes in the “critical” group
sarimulab phase 2 low dose unpublished NCT04315298		RCT	sarilumab low dose (200mg)	placebo	COVID 19 all comers	high	136/77	suggested	suggested 72 % decrease in ventilation but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias there were negative trends for most outcomes in the “severe” group, while there were positive trends for all outcomes in the “critical” group
Cai -FAVIPIRAVIR, 2020 ChiCTR2000029600		NRa	interferon	lopinavir/ritonavir	COVID 19 all comers	NA	35/45	suggested	suggested 5.5-fold increase in clinical improvement,clinical improvement (14-day)
Cai -FAVIPIRAVIR, 2020 ChiCTR2000029600		NRa	interferon	interferon	COVID 19 all comers	NA	35/45	suggested	suggested 5.5-fold increase in clinical improvement,clinical improvement (14-day)
COVID-19 mild to moderate meta-analysis
CORIMUNO-19, 2020 NCT04331808		RCT	tocilizumab	standard of care	COVID-19 mild to moderate	some concern	64/67	inconclusive
EMPACTA, 2020 NCT04372186		RCT	tocilizumab	placebo	COVID-19 mild to moderate	some concern	259/129	conclusif	demonstrated 44 % decrease in death or ventilation (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias suggested 45 % decrease in clinical deterioration with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
Fu, 2020 ChiCTR2000030262		RCT	interferon / TFF2	standard of care	COVID-19 mild to moderate	some concern	40/40	no results
Idelsis, 2020 RPCEC00000307		RCT	interferon	interferon	COVID-19 mild to moderate	high	30/33	conclusif	demonstrated 2.3-fold increase in PCR-negative conversion (time to event analysis only) (PE) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Khamis, 2020		RCT	interferon	standard of care	COVID-19 mild to moderate	some concern	44/45	inconclusive
Libster, 2020 NCT04479163		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	placebo	COVID-19 mild to moderate	low	80/80	conclusif	demonstrated 48 % decrease in clinical deterioration (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
PLACID, 2020 CTRI/2020/04/024775		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	standard of care	COVID-19 mild to moderate	high	235/229	suggested	inconclusive 7 % increase in death or transfer to ICU (PE) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias suggested 20 % increase in PCR-negative conversion (7-day) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Rastogi, 2020 NCT04459247		RCT	Vitamin D	placebo	COVID-19 mild to moderate	NA	16/24	suggested	suggested 5.3-fold increase in PCR-negative conversion (PE)
Capra, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 mild to moderate	critical	62/23	suggested	suggested 96 % decrease in deaths,deaths (time to event analysis only) but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
Espitia-Hernandez, 2020		NRa	Vitamin D	standard of care	COVID 19 outpatients, COVID-19 mild to moderate	NA	28/7	suggested	suggested 714.0-fold increase in PCR-negative conversion
COVID-19 severe or critically meta-analysis
REMAP-CAP sarilumab, 2021 NCT02735707		RCT	sarilumab	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	48/402	conclusif	demonstrated 76 % increase in clinical improvement (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
REMAP-CAP tocilizumab, 2021 NCT02735707		RCT	tocilizumab	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	353/402	conclusif	suggested 30 % decrease in deaths with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias demonstrated 64 % increase in clinical improvement (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
AlQahtani, 2020 NCT04356534		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	20/20	inconclusive	inconclusive 33 % decrease in ventilation (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
BACC Bay Tocilizumab Trial, 2020 NCT04356937		RCT	tocilizumab	placebo	COVID-19 severe or critically	low	161/81	inconclusive	inconclusive 17 % decrease in death or ventilation (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
Bajpai M, 2020 NCT04346446		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	high	14/15	inconclusive	inconclusive 74 % decrease in off oxygenation (PE) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
CAPE-COVID, 2020 NCT02517489		RCT	Hydrocortisone	placebo	COVID-19 severe or critically	low	76/73	inconclusive	inconclusive 29 % decrease in death or ventilation (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
COALITION II (Furtado), 2020 NCT04321278		RCT	Hydrocortisone	hydroxychloroquine	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	214/183	inconclusive
CODEX (Tomazini), 2020 NCT04327401		RCT	dexamethasone	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	151/148	inconclusive
COVACTA (Rosas), 2020 NCT04320615		RCT	tocilizumab	placebo	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	294/144	inconclusive
Davoudi-Monfared, 2020 IRCT20100228003449N2		RCT	interferon	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	high	46/46	no results
Edalatifard, 2020 IRCT20200404046947N1		RCT	methylprednisolone	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	high	34/34	conclusif	demonstrated 71 % decrease in deaths (PE) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Murai, 2020 NCT04449718		RCT	Vitamin D	placebo	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	120/120	inconclusive
PlasmAr, 2020 NCT04344535		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	placebo	COVID-19 severe or critically	low	228/105	inconclusive	inconclusive 19 % decrease in clinical improvement (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
PlasmAr, 2020 NCT04344535		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	low	228/105	inconclusive	inconclusive 19 % decrease in clinical improvement (PE) with a high degree of certainty due to low risk of bias
REMAP-CAP, fixed 7-day course, 2020 NCT02735707		RCT	Hydrocortisone	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	143/108	inconclusive
REMAP-CAP, shock-dependent course, 2020 NCT02735707		RCT	corticosteroids	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	152/108	inconclusive
Yekaninejad, 2020 IRCT20100228003449N2		RCT	interferon	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	33/33	conclusif	demonstrated 2.4-fold increase in clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
Li, 2015 ChiCTR2000029757		RCT	convalescent plasma treatment	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	some concern	52/51	inconclusive	inconclusive 40 % increase in clinical improvement (PE) with a moderate degree of certainty due to some concern in risk of bias
Ana-COVID (Huet), 2020		OBS	anakinra	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	serious	52/44	suggested	suggested 78 % decrease in clinical deterioration,death or transfer to ICU but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Andrew, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	NA	198/413	inconclusive
ARI-RAF (Della-Torre), 2020		OBS	sarilumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	NA	28/28	inconclusive
Biran, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	serious	210/420	suggested	suggested 36 % decrease in deaths but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Duan, 2020		OBS	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	10/10	inconclusive
Hegerova, 2020		OBS	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	20/20	inconclusive
Jianfeng, 2020		OBS	corticosteroids	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	serious	-/-	safety concern	statistically significant 1.8-fold increase in deaths,deaths (time to event analysis only) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias statistically significant 2.0-fold increase in deaths,deaths (time to event analysis only) but with a low degree of certainty due to high risk of bias
Mathilde, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	30/29	suggested	suggested 75 % decrease in deaths but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
Raef, 2020		OBS	corticosteroids	standard of care	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	-/-	suggested	suggested 55 % decrease in deaths but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
Rasheed, 2020		OBS	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	21/28	inconclusive
Rojas-Marte, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	96/97	inconclusive
Sean, 2020		OBS	convalescent plasma treatment	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	39/156	inconclusive
Somers, 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	critical	78/76	safety concern	suggested 45 % decrease in deaths,deaths (time to event analysis only) but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias statistically significant 2.3-fold increase in superinfection but with a very low degree of certainty due to critical risk of bias
TOCI-RAF Study Group (Campochiaro), 2020		OBS	tocilizumab	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	NA	32/33	inconclusive
Lu, 2020		OBS	corticosteroids	control	COVID-19 severe or critically	serious	151/93	inconclusive
Joyner, 2020 NCT04338360		NRa	convalescent plasma treatment	convalescent plasma treatment	COVID-19 severe or critically	serious	515/561	inconclusive

PE: primary endpoint; (a): to be demonstrated a result must be statistically significant on a primary endpoint (with multiplicity adjustment if necessary);
Study risk of bias assessed for the study primary endpoint(s) or the main endpoints in case of no formally defined primary endpoint(s).

Study explorer (study characteristics and results) method abbreviations pdf xlsx

COVID 19 hospitalized meta-analysis

COVID 19 all comers meta-analysis

COVID-19 mild to moderate meta-analysis

COVID-19 severe or critically meta-analysis