patient subgroup...
age >= 60 yr age >= 65 yr corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes invasive ventilation non invasive oxygen subjects at risk
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
antiviral and associated therapy - versus potential COVID-19 treatments - for COVID-19 severe or critically
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xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 death D28 0.97 [0.73, 1.29]< 1 16% 2 studies (2/-) 58.5 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - deaths 0.86 [0.74, 1.00]< 1 0% 7 studies (9/-) 97.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 0.85 [0.71, 1.03]< 1 21% 5 studies (5/-) 95.3 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - clinical deterioration 0.95 [0.55, 1.64]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 57.3 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement 0.96 [0.68, 1.35]> 1 68% 4 studies (5/-) 40.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (14-day) 0.94 [0.68, 1.30]> 1 62% 5 studies (5/-) 35.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (28-day) 1.10 [0.64, 1.90]> 1 68% 3 studies (3/-) 63.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (7-day) 1.01 [0.68, 1.50]> 1 1% 3 studies (3/-) 52.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.19 [0.98, 1.45]> 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 96.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - hospital discharge 0.82 [0.66, 1.02]> 1 40% 3 studies (3/-) 3.5 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - mechanical ventilation 0.14 [0.03, 0.71]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 99.1 % NA not evaluable important - viral clearance 0.52 [0.10, 2.58]> 1 0% 1 study (-/1) 21.2 % NA not evaluable important - ICU admission 1.42 [0.68, 2.99]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 17.7 % NA not evaluable non important - off oxygenation 0.98 [0.64, 1.51]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 46.4 % NA not evaluable non important - recovery 8.25 [1.61, 42.37]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 99.4 % NA not evaluable non important - safety endpoints 00 AE leading to drug discontinuation 2.43 [0.79, 7.45]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 6.0 % NA not evaluable important - related SAE (TRSAE) 1.24 [0.50, 3.11]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 32.0 % NA not evaluable important - serious adverse events 0.90 [0.59, 1.38]< 1 47% 5 studies (5/-) 68.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - adverse events 0.11 [0.01, 2.17]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 92.4 % NA not evaluable non important - deep vein thrombosis 0.50 [0.03, 8.10]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 68.5 % NA not evaluable non important - elevated liver enzymes 0.36 [0.13, 1.01]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 97.3 % NA not evaluable non important - hyperbilirubinemia 1.09 [0.42, 2.79]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 43.1 % NA not evaluable non important - long QT 0.90 [0.56, 1.43]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 67.1 % NA not evaluable non important - pulmonary embolism 0.50 [0.03, 8.10]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 68.5 % NA not evaluable non important - renal impairment 1.44 [0.98, 2.10]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 3.0 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias;
suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error;
inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant;
safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.