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lung cancer : non small cell (NSCLC), anti-PD-(L)1 versus Standard of Care (SoC), meta-analysis of study results

Outcome Relative effect 95%CI LoD Trt. better when I2 k (RCT/OBS) Bayesian probability Overall ROB Publication bias Degree of certainty Endpoint importance Published MA

efficacy endpoints 00

deaths (OS) 0.73 [0.63, 0.85]< 174%10 studies (10/-)100.0 %some concerncritical moderatecrucial-
deaths (OS) (extension) 0.68 [0.56, 0.83]< 168%4 studies (4/-)100.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderateimportant-
PFS (extension) 0.66 [0.44, 0.98]< 195%4 studies (4/-)98.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderateimportant-
progression or deaths (PFS) 0.69 [0.55, 0.87]< 190%10 studies (10/-)99.9 %some concernlow moderateimportant-
objective responses (ORR) 1.67 [1.16, 2.41]> 188%10 studies (10/-)99.7 %some concernlow moderatenon important-
objective responses (ORR) (extension) 1.87 [0.98, 3.57]> 190%4 studies (4/-)97.1 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-

safety endpoints 00

AE (any grade) 0.54 [0.26, 1.13]< 173%7 studies (7/-)94.8 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
AE (grade 3-4) 0.60 [0.37, 0.97]< 191%7 studies (7/-)98.1 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
AE leading to death (grade 5) 1.00 [0.68, 1.45]< 125%7 studies (7/-)50.7 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
AE leading to treatment discontinuation (any grade) 1.01 [0.57, 1.79]< 185%7 studies (7/-)49.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
AE leading to treatment discontinuation (grade 3-4) 1.43 [0.89, 2.29]< 161%4 studies (4/-)7.2 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
SAE (any grade) 1.14 [0.87, 1.50]< 10%3 studies (3/-)17.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
STRAE (any grade) 0.74 [0.54, 1.01]< 137%5 studies (5/-)96.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
STRAE (grade 3-4) 0.73 [0.49, 1.08]< 139%3 studies (3/-)94.3 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
TRAE (any grade) 0.22 [0.19, 0.27]< 10%6 studies (6/-)100.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.26 [0.21, 0.32]< 143%6 studies (6/-)100.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
TRAE leading to death (grade 5) 0.97 [0.56, 1.67]< 10%6 studies (6/-)54.7 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
TRAE leading to discontinuation (any grade) 0.77 [0.59, 0.99]< 10%5 studies (5/-)97.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
TRAE leading to discontinuation (grade 3-4) 1.12 [0.82, 1.53]< 10%4 studies (4/-)23.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-

TRAE (grade 3-4) endpoints 00

Acute kidney injury TRAE (grade 3-4) 2.05 [0.07, 62.21]< 10%1 study (1/-)34.2 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Adrenal insufficiency TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.51 [0.31, 7.26]< 10%4 studies (4/-)30.3 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Alopecia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.27 [0.04, 1.98]< 10%3 studies (3/-)90.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Anaemia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.05 [0.02, 0.09]< 10%5 studies (5/-)100.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Arthralgia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.97 [0.02, 48.81]< 10%1 study (1/-)50.7 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Asthenia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.21 [0.08, 0.56]< 10%4 studies (4/-)99.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Blood creatinine increased TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.98 [0.09, 10.85]< 10%2 studies (2/-)50.7 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Colitis TRAE (grade 3-4) 2.84 [0.90, 8.92]< 10%7 studies (7/-)3.7 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Constipation TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.71 [0.14, 3.68]< 10%5 studies (5/-)66.0 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Decreased appetite TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.38 [0.16, 0.86]< 10%5 studies (5/-)98.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Dermatitis acneiform TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.50 [0.02, 15.30]< 10%1 study (1/-)65.1 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Diabetes TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.26 [0.16, 9.77]< 10%3 studies (3/-)41.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Diarrhoea TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.28 [0.57, 2.86]< 10%7 studies (7/-)27.3 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Dysgeusia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.98 [0.06, 15.72]< 10%2 studies (2/-)50.6 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Dyspepsia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.50 [0.02, 15.30]< 10%1 study (1/-)65.1 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Fatigue TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.42 [0.22, 0.80]< 10%5 studies (5/-)99.6 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Febrile neutropenia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.08 [0.00, 1.41]< 10%1 study (1/-)95.6 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Gastrointestinal disorders TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.19 [0.36, 3.94]< 10%1 study (1/-)39.0 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Hepatitis TRAE (grade 3-4) 5.37 [1.67, 17.26]< 10%6 studies (6/-)0.2 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Hyperthyroidism TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.92 [0.24, 3.58]< 10%8 studies (8/-)54.8 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Hypophysitis TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.87 [0.33, 10.75]< 10%4 studies (4/-)24.1 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Hypothyroidism TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.37 [0.41, 4.58]< 10%9 studies (9/-)30.7 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Increase AST TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.88 [0.47, 7.56]< 10%3 studies (3/-)18.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Increased ALT TRAE (grade 3-4) 2.03 [0.87, 4.76]< 10%4 studies (4/-)5.2 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Increased lipase level TRAE (grade 3-4) 2.05 [0.07, 62.21]< 10%1 study (1/-)34.2 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Infusion-related reactions TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.44 [0.11, 1.80]< 10%5 studies (5/-)87.3 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Leucopenia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.07 [0.01, 0.38]< 10%3 studies (3/-)99.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Maculopapular rash TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.95 [0.18, 21.58]< 10%2 studies (2/-)29.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Mucosal inflammation TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.98 [0.02, 49.83]< 10%1 study (1/-)50.3 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Myalgia TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.94 [0.06, 57.80]< 10%1 study (1/-)35.4 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Myocarditis TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.94 [0.06, 57.80]< 10%1 study (1/-)35.4 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Myositis TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.70 [0.04, 11.17]< 10%2 studies (2/-)60.0 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Nausea TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.14 [0.04, 0.47]< 10%5 studies (5/-)99.9 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Nephritis TRAE (grade 3-4) 2.16 [0.46, 10.05]< 10%5 studies (5/-)16.4 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Neutropenia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.03 [0.01, 0.07]< 10%5 studies (5/-)100.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Pancreatitis TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.65 [0.23, 11.94]< 10%3 studies (3/-)31.1 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Peripheral neuropathy TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.44 [0.06, 3.02]< 10%3 studies (3/-)79.7 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Peripheral oedema TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.98 [0.02, 49.83]< 10%1 study (1/-)50.3 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Peripheral sensory neuropathy TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.08 [0.00, 1.43]< 10%1 study (1/-)95.5 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Pneumonia TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.02 [0.06, 16.62]< 10%1 study (1/-)49.5 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Pneumonitis TRAE (grade 3-4) 2.47 [1.10, 5.55]< 19%8 studies (8/-)1.5 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Pruritus TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.10 [0.19, 6.43]< 10%4 studies (4/-)45.8 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Pyrexia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.66 [0.05, 8.61]< 10%2 studies (2/-)62.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Rash TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.40 [0.57, 3.47]< 10%7 studies (7/-)23.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Renal and urinary disorders TRAE (grade 3-4) 1.97 [0.07, 59.09]< 10%1 study (1/-)35.0 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders TRAE (grade 3-4) 12.07 [0.67, 217.19]< 10%1 study (1/-)4.7 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Severe skin reaction TRAE (grade 3-4) 3.88 [0.61, 24.61]< 162%3 studies (3/-)7.6 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders TRAE (grade 3-4) 5.00 [0.58, 43.09]< 10%1 study (1/-)7.3 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Stomatitis TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.65 [0.12, 3.58]< 10%4 studies (4/-)69.1 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Thrombocytopenia TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.05 [0.02, 0.17]< 10%4 studies (4/-)100.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Thyroiditis TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.78 [0.08, 7.49]< 10%3 studies (3/-)58.6 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Vomiting TRAE (grade 3-4) 0.20 [0.05, 0.87]< 10%4 studies (4/-)98.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-

AE (grade 3-4) endpoints 00

hepatitis (Autoimmune) AE (grade 3-4) 5.05 [0.55, 46.09]< 10%2 studies (2/-)7.7 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Acute kidney injury AE (grade 3-4) 0.24 [0.01, 5.34]< 10%1 study (1/-)81.4 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Alopecia AE (grade 3-4) 0.37 [0.07, 1.93]< 10%3 studies (3/-)88.1 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Anaemia AE (grade 3-4) 0.23 [0.08, 0.66]< 192%5 studies (5/-)99.7 %some concernserious moderatenon important-
Arthralgia AE (grade 3-4) 1.52 [0.33, 6.97]< 10%2 studies (2/-)29.6 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Asthenia AE (grade 3-4) 0.94 [0.55, 1.61]< 111%5 studies (5/-)59.2 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Back pain AE (grade 3-4) 0.36 [0.05, 2.37]< 10%2 studies (2/-)85.5 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Blood creatinine increased AE (grade 3-4) 0.48 [0.02, 14.38]< 10%1 study (1/-)66.1 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Colitis AE (grade 3-4) 2.04 [0.50, 8.23]< 10%1 study (1/-)16.0 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Constipation AE (grade 3-4) 1.12 [0.41, 3.00]< 10%5 studies (5/-)41.5 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Cough AE (grade 3-4) 0.89 [0.23, 3.46]< 10%4 studies (4/-)56.4 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Decreased appetite AE (grade 3-4) 1.52 [0.71, 3.21]< 10%5 studies (5/-)14.0 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Diarrhoea AE (grade 3-4) 0.83 [0.33, 2.14]< 150%5 studies (5/-)64.7 %lowserious highnon important-
Dyspnoea AE (grade 3-4) 1.10 [0.62, 1.96]< 10%5 studies (5/-)37.4 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Epistaxis AE (grade 3-4) 1.01 [0.02, 50.94]< 10%1 study (1/-)49.9 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Fatigue AE (grade 3-4) 1.02 [0.57, 1.84]< 128%5 studies (5/-)47.1 %lownot evaluable highnon important-
Febrile neutropenia AE (grade 3-4) 0.05 [0.01, 0.41]< 10%2 studies (2/-)99.8 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Hypertension AE (grade 3-4) 0.48 [0.10, 2.29]< 10%2 studies (2/-)82.0 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Hyperthyroidism AE (grade 3-4) 2.02 [0.07, 60.40]< 10%1 study (1/-)34.5 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Hypophysitis AE (grade 3-4) 4.05 [0.18, 90.23]< 10%1 study (1/-)19.1 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Hypothyroidism AE (grade 3-4) 2.02 [0.07, 60.40]< 10%1 study (1/-)34.5 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Increase AST AE (grade 3-4) 5.45 [1.59, 18.72]< 10%3 studies (3/-)0.4 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Increased ALT AE (grade 3-4) 5.03 [0.87, 28.91]< 10%2 studies (2/-)3.6 %some concernnot evaluable moderatenon important-
Increased Lipase Level AE (grade 3-4) 1.93 [0.06, 57.70]< 10%1 study (1/-)35.4 %NAnot evaluable non important-
Infusion-related reaction AE (grade 3-4) 4.07 [0.45, 36.67]< 10%1 study (1/-)10.7 %NAnot evaluable non important-

LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias; suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error; inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant; safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies; published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE. Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.