Study		Exclusion reasons	Remarks	Reference(s)
MDX-1106 excluded (no control group), 2015	randomized controlled trial			George JAMA Oncol 2016; 2:1179-86 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0775 Motzer J. Clin. Oncol. 2015; 33:1430-7 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.0703
KEYNOTE-B61, 2023	randomized controlled trial	inadequate or absent control group		Albiges L Lancet Oncology july 2023 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00276-0
NCT05172440, 0	randomized controlled trial	inadequate or absent control group	single arm study
PRISM, 2019	randomized controlled trial	inadequate or absent control group	phase II trial to evaluate whether administering IPI once every 12 weeks (modified), instead of once every 3 weeks (standard), in combination with NIVO, is associated with a favorable toxicity profile.	Buckley BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1102 10.1186/s12885-019-6273-1 Naveen S. Vasudev JCO 42, 312-323(2024) 10.1200/JCO.23.00236
COSMIC-313, 2023	randomized controlled trial	not relevant exposure		Choueiri TK N Engl J Med 2023;388:1767-1778 May 2023 10.1056/NEJMoa2212851 Choueiri TK N Engl J Med 2023; 388:1767-1778-. 10.1056/NEJMoa2212851